NEW CASTLE

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 472 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NAN-NEW

NEW CASTLE , a city of New Castle county,

Delaware

DELAWARE

, U.S.A., in the northern part of the state, at the head of

Delaware

DELAWARE

Bay, on a high point of land extending into the Delaware river, 6 m. south of Wilmington. Pop. (189o) 4010; (1900) 3380 (315 foreign-born); (1910) 3351 It is served by the Philadelphia,

Baltimore

BALTIMORE
BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT, 1ST BARON (C. 1580—1632)

& Washington (

Pennsylvania

PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

System), and (via Wilmington) the

Baltimore

BALTIMORE
BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT, 1ST BARON (C. 1580—1632)

Ohio

OHIO

railways, and by steamship lines connecting with Baltimore, Philadelphia and river ports. The " old " county court

house

, possibly built by the Swedes, is in New Castle; and there are a public library, the Immanuel Protestant Episcopal Church (partly built in 1689), and several residences of Dutch and colonial types. The city has a good harbour and an excel-lent river front for manufacturing sites and for shipping; it is included in the customs

district

DISTRICT

of Wilmington. Its industrial establishments include shipyards, rolling mills and steel works, flour-mills, and manufactories of

cotton

and woollen goods. The shad fisheries are of some importance. In 1651

Governor

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

Peter Stuyvesant of New Netherland established near the place Fort Casimir, as the first determined move in his aggressive policy against the Swedes, who had settled in this vicinity about 1640. The Swedes captured the fort in 1654, but this precipitated the crisis in which New Sweden (Delaware) was lost to the Dutch in 1655. Fort Casimir (renamed Fort Amstel) was made the seat of government of the local Dutch possessions, and in 1657 was placed under the jurisdiction of the City of Amsterdam, under which it remained, though prospering littledisease, famine and fears of English attack causing most of the inhabit-ants to leave in 1658 and 1659until just before the English seized the settlements in Delaware in 1664. Under the English the name was changed to New Castle, and trade and commerce prospered; and an arc with a radius of 12 m., having the New Castle court

house

as a centre, became the northern boundary of the " counties on the Delaware." New Castle was frequently the meeting place of the colonial legislature, and after the legislative separation of Delaware from

Pennsylvania

PENNSYLVANIA
PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

in 1704 it was the seat of administration of the colony until 1777. It was chartered as a city in 1875.

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