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NEVILLE, or NEVILL , the family name of a famous English noble house
chief
house
commander
York
commander
John, the 3rd baron (d. 1388), a warden of the Scottish marches and lieutenant of Aquitaine, a follower of John of Gaunt and a famous soldier in the French wars of Edward III., continued the policy of strengthening the family's position by marriage; his sisters and daughters became the wives of great northern lords; his first wife was a Percy, and his second Lord Latimer's heiress; and his younger son, Thomas, became Lord Furnival in right of his wife, while his son by his second wife became Lord Latimer. His eldest son Ralph (1364-1425), 1st earl
York
Lancaster
earl
The greatness of the Nevills centred in the "kingmaker" (Richard's son) and the heads of his house, after the 1st earl,. were of small account in history, till Charles, the 6th earl, at the instigation of his wife, Surrey's daughter, joined Northumberland in the fatal northern rising of 1569 to the ruin of his house. His estates, with the noble castles of Brancepeth and Raby, were forfeited; Middleham, with the Yorkshire lands, had been settled by the 1st earl on the heirs of his second marriage. Although the senior line became extinct on the earl's death abroad (16o1), there were male descendants of the 1st earl remaining, sprung from George and Edward, sons of his second marriage. George, who was Lord Latimer, was father of Sir Henry, slain at Edgcote fight, and grandfather of Richard, 2nd lord (1469-1530), a soldier who distinguished himself in the north, especially at Flodden Field. His grandson (d. 1577) was the last lord, but there were male descendants of his younger sons, one of whom, Edmund, claimed the barony, and after 16o1 the earldom of Westmorland, but vainly, owing to its attainder. In this line may still exist a male heir of this mighty house.The heirs male of Edward, Lord "Bergavenny " (now " Abergavenny" co. Monmouth), who died in 1476, have retained their place in the peerage under that style to the present day by a special
heir -male, Edward Nevill, which was eventually ended by James I., in 1604, assigning the barony of Abergavenny to Edward's son and that of Despencer to Lady Fane. The former subsequently descended (on uncertain grounds) to the heirs-male with the old Beauchamp estates under special
The Nevills of Billingbear, Berks, were a junior line, of whom was Sir Henry Nevin (d. 1615), courtier and diplomatist, who became a leading figure in parliament under James I. His grandson, another Sir Hemy (d. 1694), was an author of some note and a Republican opponent of Cromwell, by whom he was banished from London in 1654. The family became extinct in 1740, and in 1762 Richard Aldworth (1717-1793), on inheriting Billingbear, took the name of Nevill. From him descend the Lords Braybrooke. Neuville is a common French name, and it is not clear whether all the Nevills who occur in the 12th and 13th centuries were of the same stock as the lords of Raby. The baronial line of Nevill of " Essex " was founded by the marriage, temp. Richard I., of a Hugh de Nevill to the heiress of Henry de Cornhill, a wealthy Londoner. He went on crusade with Richard I. and was after-wards an active supporter of John, who names him in the Great Charter (1215). His descendant, Hugh de Nevill, was summoned as a baron in 1311, as was his son John, who served in the French and Flemish campaigns, and died, the last of his line, in 1358. See Rowland's Historical and Genealogical Account of the Family of Nevill (183o) ; Drummond's Noble British Families (1846); Swallow's De Nova Villa (1885); and Barron's sketch in The Ancestor, No. 6 (1903). Also Dugdale's Baronage; G. E. C[okayne]'s Complete Peerage; J. H. Round's Feudal England; and for the Nevill castles Mackenzie's Castles of England. For the Kingmaker, see Oman's monograph (1891). Q. H. R.) End of Article: NEVILLE, or NEVILL If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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