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Encyclopedia Britannica



NAYLER (or NAYLOR), JAMES (1618-166o)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 319 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NAN-NEW
NAYLER (or NAYLOR), JAMES (1618-166o) , English Puritan, was born at Andersloe or Ardsley, in Yorkshire, in 1618. In 1642 he joined the parliamentary army, and served as
quarter
 -master in John Lambert's horse. In 1651 he adopted Quakerism, and gradually arrived at the conviction that he was a new incarnation of Christ. He gathered round him a small band of disciples, who followed him from place to place. At Appleby in 1653 and again at
Exeter
  in 1655 he suffered terms of imprisonment. In October 1655, in imitation of Christ's procession into Jerusalem, he entered Bristol on horseback, riding single" a rawboned nude figure, with lank
hair
  reaching below his cheeks " attended by seven followers, some on horseback, some on foot, he in. silence and they singing " Hosanna! Holy, holy! Lord God of Sabaoth!" At the High
Cross
  he and his followers were arrested. His trial occupied the second
parliament
  of Cromwell for several days, and on the 16th of December 1656 he was convicted of blasphemy and sentenced to be whipped from the Palace Yard to the Old Exchange, to be branded in the forehead with " B" (for blasphemer), to have his tongue bored with a red-hot iron, to be whipped through the streets of Bristol, and to suffer imprisonment with hard labour for two years. On his release he was readmitted into the communion of the
Quakers
 , and spent some time in Westmorland with George
Whitehead
  (1636?-1723). In October 166o Nayler set out to visit his
long
 -forsaken family in Yorkshire, but died on the journey in Huntingdonshire.
A collected edition of the Tracts of Nayler appeared in 1716. See A Relation of the Life, Conversion, Examination,
Confession
 , and Sentence of James Nayler (1657) ; a Memoir of the Life, Ministry, Trial, and Sufferings of James Nayler (1719) ; and a Refutation of some of the more Modern Misrepresentations of the Society of Friends commonly called
Quakers
 , with a Life of James Nayler, by Joseph
Gurney
  Bevan (1800).
1" Les Flutes egyptiennes antiques," in Journal asiatique, 8 erne serie, tome xiv. (Paris, 1889).


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