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Encyclopedia Britannica



NARBOROUGH, SIR JOHN (d. 1688)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 238 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: NAN-NEW
NARBOROUGH, SIR JOHN (d. 1688) , English naval
commander
 , was descended from an old Norfolk family. He received his commission in 1664, and in 1666 was promoted lieutenant for gallantry in the action with the Dutch
fleet
  off the Downs in June of that year. After the peace he was chosen to conduct a voyage of exploration in the South Seas. He set sail from Deptford on the 26th of November 1669, and entered the Straits of Magellan in October of the following year, but returned home in June 1671 without accomplishing his
original
  purpose. A narrative of the expedition was published at London in 1694 under the title An Account of several
late
  Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North. During the second Dutch War Narborough was second captain of the lord high-admiral's ship the
There are five well-marked sections.
i. The hoop-petticoat narcissi, sometimes separated as the genus Corbularia, are not more than from 3 to 6 in. in height, and have grassy foliage and yellow or white
flowers
 . These have the coronet in the centre of the flower very large in proportion to the other parts, and much expanded, like the old hooped petticoats. They are now all regarded as varieties or forms of the common hoop-petticoat, N. Bulbocodium, which has comparatively large
bright
  yellow
flowers
 ; N. tenuifolius is smaller and somewhat paler and with slender erect leaves; N. citrinus is pale lemon yellow and larger; while N. mono phyllus is white. The small bulbs should be taken up in summer and replanted in autumn and early winter, according to the state of the season. They bloom about March or April in the open air. The soil should be free and open, so that water may pass off readily.
2. A second group is that of the Pseudonarcissi, constituting the genus Ajax of some botanists, of which the daffodil, N. Pseudo-narcissus is the type. The daffodil (fig. 2) is common in woods and
" Prince," and conducted himself with such conspicuous valour at the battle of Solebay (Southwold Bay) in May 1672 that he won
special
  approbation, and shortly afterwards was made rear-admiral and knighted. In 1675 he was sent to suppress the Tripoline piracies, and by the bold expedient of despatching gun-boats into the harbour of
Tripoli
  at midnight and burning the ships he induced the dey to agree to a treaty. Shortly after his return he undertook a similar expedition against the Algerines. In 168o he was appointed
commissioner
  of the navy, an office he held till his death in r688. He was buried at Knowlton church, Kent, where a monument has been erected to his memory.
See Charnock, Biog. New. i.; Hist. MSS. Comm. 12th Rept. NARCISSUS, in Greek mythology, son of the river god Cephissus and the nymph Leiriope, distinguished for his beauty. The seer Teiresias told his mother that he would have a long life, provided he never looked upon his own features. His rejection of the love of the nymph Echo (q.v.) drew upon him the vengeance of the gods. Having fallen in love with his own reflection in the waters of a
spring
 , he pined away (or killed him-self) and the flower that bears his name sprang up on the spot where he died. According to Pausanias, Narcissus, to console himself for the death of a favourite twin-sister, his exact counter-part, sat gazing into the
spring
  to recall her features by his own. Narcissus, representing the early spring-flower, which for a brief space beholds itself mirrored in the water and then fades, is one of the many youths whose premature death is recorded in Greek mythology (cf. Adonis, Linus, Hyacinthus); the flower itself was regarded as a symbol of such death. It was the last flower gathered by Persephone before she was carried off by Hades, and was sacred to Demeter and Core (the cult name of Persephone), the great goddesses of the underworld. From its associations Wieseler takes Narcissus himself to be a spirit of the underworld, of death and rest. It is possible that the story may have originated in the superstition (alluded to by Artemfdorus, Oneirocritica, ii. 7) that it was an omen of death to dream of seeing one's reflection in water.
See Ovid, Metam. iii. 341-510; Pausanias ix. 31; Conon, Narrations, 24; F. Wieseler, Narkissos (1856); Greve in Roscher's LexiPbn der Myihologie; J. G. Frazer, The Golden Bough (1900), i. 293.


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