NAKHICHEVAN, or NAKHJEVAN

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 156 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN

NAKHICHEVAN, or NAKHJEVAN , a city of Russian Armenia, in the government of

Erivan

ERIVAN
ERIVAN, or I1

, 85 m. S.E. of the town of

Erivan

ERIVAN
ERIVAN, or I1

. It occupies the brow of a spur of the Kara-bagh mountains, 2940 ft. above the sea, and looks out over the valley of the

Aras

ARAS

. Pop. (1863) 6251, (1897) 8845. Built and rebuilt again and again, Nakhichevan is full of half-obliterated evidences of former prosperity. The present houses have for the most part been quarried from ancient ruins; of the palace of the princes of Azerbaijan there remains a gateway with a Persian inscription, flanked by two brick towers; and at a little distance stands the so-called Tower of the Khans, a richly decorated twelve-sided structure, 102 ft. in circumference and 75 ft. in height, dating, to judge by the inscription which runs around the cornice, from the 12th century. There are also ruins of a large mosque. Situated on the highroad to Tabriz and

Teheran

TEHERAN
TEHERAN (more properly TEHRAN)

, Nakhichevan has a large transit

trade

. In the Persian period the city is said to have had 40,000 inhabitants; the population now consists chiefly of

Tatars

TATARS (the common form Tartars is less correct)

and Armenians, who carry on gardening, make wine and produce silk, salt and millstones.
Armenian tradition claims Noah as the founder of Nakhichevan (the Naxuana of

Ptolemy

PTOLEMY (
CLAUDIUS
PTOLEMAEUS)

), and a mound of earth in the city is still visited by many pilgrims as his grave. Laid waste by the Persians in the 4th century, Nakhichevan sank into comparative insignificance, but by the loth century had recovered its prosperity. In 1064 it was taken by Alp Arslan, sultan of the Seljuk Turks, and in the 13th century it fell a

prey

PREY (0. Fr. preie, mod. proie, Lat. praeda, booty, from prae and the root hed—seen in prehendere, prendere, to grasp)

to the Mongols of Jenghiz

Khan

KHAN (from the Turki, hence Persian and Arabic Khan)

. It afterwards suffered frequently during the wars between the Persians, Armenians and Turks, and it finally passed into Russian possession by the peace of Turkman-chai in 1828.
NAKHICHEVAN-ON-THE-DON, a town of southern Russia, in the Don Cossacks territory, 6 m. by rail N.E. of the town of Rostov and on the right bank of the Don. Pop. (1900) 30,883. It was founded in 178o by Armenian immigrants. It soon became a wealthy place, and still is the administrative centre of the " Armenian

district

DISTRICT

," a narrow strip along the banks of the Don, with a population of 27,250. The town has tobacco and wadding factories, tallow-melting works, soap-works, brickworks and tanneries. There is a large

trade

in cereals and timber.

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