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Encyclopedia Britannica



NAIL VIOLIN (Ger..Nagelgeige, Nagelharmonica)

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 154 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN
NAIL VIOLIN (Ger..Nagelgeige, Nagelharmonica) , a musical curiosity invented by Johann Wilde, a musician in the imperial orchestra at St
Petersburg
 . The nail
violin
  or
harmonica
  consists of a wooden soundboard about 11 ft.
long
  and 1 ft. wide bent into a semicircle. In this soundboard are fixed a number of iron or
brass
  nails of different lengths, tuned to give a chromatic scale.
Sound
  is produced by friction with a strong bow, strung with black horsehair. An improved
instrument
 , now in the collection of the Hochschule in Berlin, has two half-moon
sound
 -chests of different sizes, one on the top of the other, forming terraces. In the rounded
wall
  of the upper sound-chest are two rows of iron staples, the upper giving the diatonic scale, and the lower the intermediate chromatic semitones. History records the name of a single virtuoso on this
instrument
 , which has a sweet bell-like tone but limited technical possibilities; he was a Bohemian musician called Senal, who travelled all over Germany with his instrument about 178o-1790. (K. S.)


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