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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN |
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MUSCLES OF THE NECK (fig. q) .Just below the mandible is the CRANIAL; and NERVE , SPINAL). The posterior triangle is formed digastric, which, as its name shows, has two bellies and a central by the sterno-mastoid in front, the trapezius behind, and the clavicle tendon; the anterior belly, supplied by the fifth nerve , is attached to below; in its floor from above downward part of the following muscles the mandible near the symphysis, the posterior supplied by the are seen: corn plexus, splenius, levator anguli scapulae, scalenus seventh of the mastoid process, while the central tendon is boundto the hyoid bone. Stretching across from one side of the lower jaw to the other and forming a floor to the mouth is the mylo-hyoid muscle; posteriorly this reaches the hyoid bone, and in the mid-line has a tendinous raphe separating the two halves of the muscle. Rising from the manubrium sterni and inner part of the clavicle is the sterno-cleido-mastoid, which is inserted into the mastoid process and superior curved lines of the occipital bone; when it contracts it makes the face look over the opposite shoulder , and it is supplied by the spinal accessory nerve as well as by branches from the cervical plexus. It is an important surgical landmark, and forms a diagonal across the quadrilateral
apex
apex
thyroid cartilage and sternum should be realized, and then the hyo-glossus, thyro-hyoid, sterno-hyoid and sterno-thyroid muscles are explained by their names. The omo-hyoid muscle rises from the upper border of the scapula and runs acrossmedius and scalenus anticus. Sometimes a small piece of the scalenus posticus is caught sight of behind the scalenus medius. The splenius rotates the head to its own side, the levator anguli scapulae raises the upper angle
supply is the spinal accessory and third and fourth cervical nerves. When the superficial muscles and complexus are removed from the back of the neck, the sub-occipital triangle is seen beneath the occipital bone. Externally it is bounded by the superior oblique, running from the trans-verse process of the atlas to the lateral part of the occipital bone, internally by the rectus capitis posticus major, passing from the spine of the axis
axis
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