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Encyclopedia Britannica



MURI

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 35 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN
MURI , a province of the British protectorate of Northern Nigeria. It lies approximately between 90 and t1 40' E. and 7 1o' and 9 40' N. The river Benue divides it through its length, and the portion on the southern bank of the river is watered by streams flowing from the Cameroon region to the Benue. The province is bordered S. by Southern Nigeria, S.E. by German territory (Cameroon), E. by the province of Yola, N. by Bauchi, W. by Nassarawa and
Bassa
 . The
district
  of Katsena-Allah extends south of the Benue considerably west of 90 E., the approximate limit of the remainder of the province. Muri has an area of 25,800 sq. m. and an estimated population of about 828,000. The province is rich in forest products and the Niger Company maintains trading stations on the river.
Cotton
  is grown, and spinning
thread
 , weaving and dyeing afford occupation to many thousands. The valley of the Benue has a climate generally unhealthy to Europeans, but there are places in the northern part of the province, such as the Fula settlement of Wase on a southern spur of the Murchison hills, where the higher altitude gives an excellent climate. Muri includes the ancient Jukon empire together with various small Fula states and a number of'
pagan
  tribes, among whom the Munshi, who extend into the provinces of Nassarawa and
Bassa
 , are among the most turbulent. The Munshi occupy about 4000 sq. m. in the Katsena-Allah district. The
pagan
  tribes in the north of the province are lawless cannibals who by constant outrages and murders of traders long rendered the main trade route to Bauchi unsafe, and cut off the markets of the Benue valley and the Cameroon from the Hausa states. Onlytwo routes, one via Wase and the other via Gatari, pass through this belt. In the south of the province a similar belt of hostile pagans closed the access to the Cameroon except by two routes, Takum and Beli. For Hausa traders to cross the Muri province was a
work
  of such danger and expense that before the advent of British administration the attempt was seldom made.
Muri came nominally under British
control
  in 1900. The principal effort of the administration has been to
control
  and open the trade routes. In 1904 an expedition against the northern cannibals resulted in the capture of their principal fortresses and the settlement. and opening to trade of a large district, the various routes to the Benue being rendered safe. In 1905 an expedition against the Munshi, rendered necessary by an unprovoked attack on the Niger Company's station at Abinsi, had a good effect in reducing the riverain portion of this tribe to submission. The absence of any central native authority delayed the process of bringing the province under administrative control. Its government has been organized on the same system as the rest of Northern Nigeria, and is under a British
resident
 . It has been divided into three administrative divisionseast, central and westwith their respective head-quarters at Lau, Amar and Ibi. Provincial and native courts of justice have been established. The telegraph has been carried to the town of Muri. Muri is one of the provinces in which the slave trade was most active, and its position between German territory and the Hausa states rendered it in the early days of the British administration a favourite route for the smuggling of slaves.


End of Article: MURI


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