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Encyclopedia Britannica



MURAD II

This article appears in Volume V19, Page 14 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN
MURAD II . (14031451) succeeded his father Mahommed I. in 1421. The attempt of his uncle Prince Mustafa to usurp the throne, supported as it was by the Greeks, gave trouble at the outset of his reign, and led to the unsuccessful siege of
Constantinople
  in 1422. Murad maintained a
long
  struggle against the Bosnians and Hungarians, in the course cf which Turkey sustained many severe reverses through the valour of Janos Hunyadi. Accordingly in 1444 he concluded a treaty at Szegedin for ten years, by which he renounced all claim to Servia and recognized George Brancovich as its king. Shortly after this, being deeply affected by the death of his eldest son Prince Ala-ud-din, he abdicated in favour of Mahommed; his second son, then fourteen years of age. But the treacherous attack, in violation of treaty, by the Christian
powers
 , imposing too hard a task on the inexperienced
young
  sovereign, Murad returned from his retirement at
Magnesia
 , crushed his faithless enemies at the battle of Varna (Novemebr to, 1444), and again withdrew to
Magnesia
 . A revolt of the janissaries induced him to return to power, and he spent the remaining six years of his life in warfare in Europe, defeating Hunyadi at
Kossovo
  (October 1719, 1448). He died at Adrianople in 1451, and was buried at Brusa. By some considered as a fanatical devotee, and by others as given up to
mysticism
 , he is generally described as kind and gentle in disposition, and devoted to the interests of his country.


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