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Encyclopedia Britannica



MOULTRIE, WILLIAM (1730-1805)

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 935 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOS-NAN
MOULTRIE, WILLIAM (1730-1805) , American soldier, was born in Charleston,
South
  Carolina, on the 23rd of November 1730. His father, a physician, and a graduate of the University of Edinburgh, migrated to Charleston before 1729. The son was elected to the Commons
House
  of the Assembly in 1754, 1769 and 1772; and in 1760 he was captain of a provincial regiment in the expedition under
Governor
  William H. Lyttelton against the Cherokees. Although he was connected by many ties to the British, he espoused the American cause on the outbreak of the War of Independence, and was a member of the first provincial congress (1775) of
South
  Carolina, which in June made him a colonel of the Second South Carolina regiment; and he was a member of the second provincial congress (1775-1776). On Fort Johnson, on James
Island
  in Charleston harbour, he raised what is said to have been the first American battle-flagblue, with a white
crescent
  in the dexter corner, inscribed with the word " Liberty "; the flag was devised by him in September 1775. In
March
  1776 he took command of a palmetto fort which he had built on
Sullivan
 's
Island
 , off Charleston, which he held against the attack of
Admiral
  Sir Peter Parker on the 28th of June, and which soon after the battle was renamed Fort Moultrie by the General Assembly. He was thanked by Congress, was made a brigadier-general in the continental army in September '1776, and was placed in command of the department of Georgia and South Carolina. He dislodged the British from Beaufort, South Carolina, in February 1779, and in April made it possible for the city of Charleston to put itself into a state of defence by delaying the advance of General
Augustine
  Prevost. He was one of those who advised against the surrender of Charleston, where he commanded the garrison until the arrival of General Benjamin Lincoln. His imprisonment after the surrender of Charleston (May 178o) lasted until his exchange with others for General Burgoyne in February 1782. In October 1782 he was made a major-general. He was
governor
  of South Carolina in 1785-1787 and in 1792-1794. He died in Charleston on the 27th of September 1805.
He wrote Memoirs of the Revolution so far as it Related to the States of North and South Carolina (2 vols., 1802).


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