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Encyclopedia Britannica



MONOCHORD (Gr. ovb op6ov, rcavwv ovvucos)

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 730 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOL-MOS
MONOCHORD (Gr. ovb op6ov, rcavwv ovvucos) : med. Lat. monochordum), an
instrument
  having a single
string
 , used
by the ancient Greeks for tuning purposes and for measuring the scale arithmetically. The monochord, as it travelled westwards during the
middle
  ages, consisted of a
long
  board, or narrow rectangular box, over which was stretched the single
string
 ; along the edge of the
sound
 -board was
drawn
  a line divided according to simple mathematical ratios to show all the intervals of the scale. A movable
bridge
  was so contrived as to slide along over the string and stop it at will at any of the points marked. The vibrating length of string, being thus determined as on the guitar, lute,
violin
 , &c., yielded a
note
  of absolutely correct pitch on being twanged by fingers or plectrum. In order the better to seize the relation of various intervals, a second string tuned to the same
note
 , but out of reach of the
bridge
 , was sometimes added to give the fundamental. (K. S.)


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