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Encyclopedia Britannica



MOLYBDENITE

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 681 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MOL-MOS
MOLYBDENITE , a
mineral
  consisting of molybdenum disulphide, MoS2. It closely resembles graphite in
appearance
 , but may readily be distinguished from this by its greater density (4.7) and by its behaviour before the blowpipe. Crystals have the form of six-sided plates or scales, but they are never sharply defined, and their reference to the hexagonal
system
  is doubtful. They have a perfect cleavage parallel to the large surface of the plates, and the flakes are readily bent, but are not elastic. The
mineral
  is very soft (H = 1 to I z) and unctuous, and makes a bluish-grey mark on
paper
 : it is opaque and has a
bright
  metallic lustre. The colour is lead-grey differing slightly from that of graphite in having a bluish tinge. The name molybdenite is from the Greek /2c Xu(3Sos, meaning lead or lead ore, with which graphite (black-lead) and molybdenite were confused; the latter was distinguished by P. J. Hjelm, who in 1782 discovered the
element
  molybdenum in this mineral.
Molybdenite occurs as disseminated scales in crystalline rockssuch as granite, gneiss, schist and marbleand also in quartz-veins. It has been found in small amounts at many localities, but only those which have yielded large crystals need be specially mentioned here, viz. in a pyroxene-
rock
  at Aldfield in Pontiac county, Quebec; with native bismuth at Kingsgate in Gough county, New ,
South
  Wales; with wolframite and
scheelite
  in quartz-veins at Caldbeck Fells in
Cumberland
 ; and recently, as crystals 6 in. across, at Slangsvold near Raade in Norway.
Molybdenite has been used mainly for the preparation of molybdates for use as chemical reagents. Recently, however, it has been used in the manufacture of molybdenum steel (ferro-molybdenum), which by reason of its hardness and toughness is specially suitable for tools. (L. J. S.)


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