MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 459 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MIC-MOL

MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle) , the term given to the apparatus or machinery used in the grinding of corn into flour, and hence applied to similar mechanical devices for grinding, crushing to powder, or pulping other substances, e.g. coffee-mill, powder-mill. " Mill " was first used of the building containing the apparatus, frequently with a word attached descriptive of the

motive

MOTIVE (from Lat. movere, to move)

power, e.g. wind-mill, water-mill, &c. It was not the early word used of the actual grinding mechanism. The old hand-mill was known as a " quern," a word which appears in this sense in many Indo-European languages; the ultimate root is gar-, to grind. " Quern " (see FLOUR) is only remotely connected with " churn " (q.v.). The word is also applied to many mechanical devices by which raw material is transformed into a

condition

CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

ready for use or into a stage preparatory to other processes, e.g. saw-mill,

rolling

ROLLING

-mill, &c., or still more widely to buildings containing machinery used in manufactures, e.g.

cotton

COTTON
COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
EDWARD
- EDWARD
_LYNCH_181.html">COTTON, GEORGE
EDWARD
- EDWARD
LYNCH
- LYNCH, PATRICIO (1825–1886)
(1813–1866)
COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

-mill. In mining it is applied to various machines used in breaking and crushing the ore (see ORE-DRESSING).
In the engineering

industries

INDUSTRIES

milling machines constitute a very important class of machine tools, the characteristic of which is that rotary cutters are employed for shaping the metal (see TooLs). In coins the " milling is the serrated edge, called " crenneling " by John

Evelyn

EVELYN, JOHN (1620-1706)

(Discourse on Medals, 1697, p. 225), which is formed on them to prevent clipping and filing. Coins made by the old process of hammering were apt to have irregular edges which invited mutilation; but the introduction of the screw

press

PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

, which came to be known as a mill (cf. W. Lowndes, Amendm. Silver Coinage, 1695, p. 93), permitted the production of a regular edge with serrations, which in consequence were termed milling. This machine also enabled legends to be impressed round the edges of coins, such as the Deems et tutamen suggested by

Evelyn

EVELYN, JOHN (1620-1706)

(see W. J. Hocking, Catalogue of the Coins, &c., in the Museum of the Royal Mint, 1906). It was invented about the middle of the 16th century, and has generally been attributed to Guyot Brucher (d. 1556), who was succeeded at the Paris mint by his brother

Antoine

ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

. Introduced into England by one Eloye Mestrel in 1561, it was used for twelve years, and was then abandoned owing to the opposition of the mint officials to Mestrel, who was executed for counterfeiting and striking money outside the precincts of the Tower of London; but it was again introduced by one Peter Blondeau in 1662, when it permanently superseded hammering. In the United States of America the term " milling " or " milled " is applied to the raised edge on the face of the coin; this is known in the British mint as " marking " (see MINT).

End of Article: MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)

If you wish, you can link directly to this article.

<a href="http://jcsm.org/StudyCenter/Encyclopedia/MIC_MOL/MILL_O_Eng_mylen_later_myln_or.html">
MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapt...
</a>

(Previous)
MILL

(Next)
MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)

JCSM was founded in 1997 and exists to help the community and bring people into a life-changing and productive relationship with Jesus Christ. JCSM offers over 200,000 free web pages, including its weekly inspirational emails that were sent continuously for over a decade.

Jesus Christ Saves Ministries
P.O. Box 9297
San Diego, CA 92169
1-888-887-0417 or Email