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Encyclopedia Britannica



MIDDELBURG

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 409 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MIC-MOL
MIDDELBURG , a town of the Transvaal, 98 M. E. by rail of
Pretoria
 , and 251 M. W. of Louren90 Marques. Pop. (1904), 5o85of whom 2343 were whites. It is prettily situated op the high veld, 5090 ft. above the sea, on one of the head streams of the Olif ants River. Middelburg is the
chief
  town of an administrative division of the same name, and is a trading centre for a large
district
 . It is also the centre of one of the richest coal-fields in
South
  Africa. From some of the adjacent collieries excellent steam coal is obtained. Copper and
cobalt
  are found in the neighbourhood.
Middelburg was chosen in 1901 as the place of conference for peace negotiations between the British and the Boers. After the occupation of
Pretoria
  in June 1900 by Lord Roberts the Boer forces had been reduced to guerilla warfare, and Lord Kitchener, learning that the Transvaal commandants were despondent, invited General
Botha
  to enter into negotiations, on the basis of the recognition of British sovereignty. The conference between Lord Kitchener and General
Botha
  was opened on the 28th of
February
  and the negotiations, which ended in failure, were protracted until the 16th of
March
  (see TRANSVAAL: History, The War of 1899-1902).
Middelburg is also the name of a town in the Cape Province,
South
  Africa, 250 M. N. by W. of Port Elizabeth. Pop. (19o4), 6137.


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