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Encyclopedia Britannica



MEROVINGIANS

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 172 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MEROVINGIANS , the name given to the first dynasty which reigned over the kingdom of the Franks. The name is taken from Merovech, one of the first kings of the Salian Franks, who succeeded to Clodio in the middle of the 5th century, and soon became the centre of many legends. The chronicler known as Fredegarius Scholasticus relates that a queen was once sitting by the seashore, when a
monster
  came out of the sea, and by this
monster
  she subsequently became the mother of Merovech, but this myth is due to an attempt to explain the hero's name, which means " the sea-born." At the
great
  battle of Mauriac (the Catalaunian fields) in which Aetius checked the invasion of the Huns (451), there were present in the Roman army a number of Frankish foederati, and a later document, the Vita lupi; states that Merovech (Merovaeus) was their leader. Merovech was the father of Childeric I. (457-481), and grandfather of Clovis (481-511), under whom the Salian Franks conquered the whole of Gaul, except the kingdom of
Burgundy
 ,
Provence
  and Septimania. The Sens of Clovis divided the dominions of their father between them, made themselves masters of
Burgundy
  (532), and in addition received
Provence
  from the Ostrogoths (535); Septimania was not taken from the Arabs till the time of Pippin, the founder of the Carolingian dynasty. From the death of Clovis to that of Dagobert (639), the Merovingian kings displayed considerable energy, both in their foreign wars and in the numerous wars against one another in which they found an outlet for their barbarian instincts. After 639, however, the race began to decline, one after another the kings succeeded to the throne,
Christo or a Christian.
The " Panegyric " and
minor
  poems have been edited by B. G.
Niebuhr
  (1824); by I.
Bekker
  in the
Bonn
  Corpus scriptorumhist. Byz. (1836) ; the " De Christo " in T. Birt's Claudian (1892), where the authorship of Merobaudes is upheld; see also A. Ebert, Geschichte der Literatur des Mittelalters is Abendlande (1889).


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