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Encyclopedia Britannica



MERAN

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 148 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MERAN , the
chief
  town of the administrative
district
  of the same name in the Austrian province of the Tirol, 20 M. by rail N.W. of
Botzen
 .on the Brenner line, while the Vintschgau railway connects it with Mals, 37 M. N.W. It is the
chief
  town in the upper Adige valley, a region which bears the
special
  name of the Vintschgau, and is on the high road either to Landeck and the Lower Engadine by the Reschen Scheideck Pass (4902 ft.), or more directly to the Lower Engadine by the Munster valley and the Ofen Pass (7071 ft.). In 1900 Meran had 9284 inhabitants (or, with the neighbouring villages of Untermais and Obermais, 13,201), mainly German-speaking and Romanist. The town is picturesquely situated, at a height of Tool ft., at the foot of the vine-clad Kiichelberg, and on the right bank of the Passer River, just above its junction with the Adige or Etsch. Meran proper consists mainly of one long narrow street, the Laubengasse, flanked by covered arcades, but the name is often used to include several adjacent villages, Untermais and Obermais being on the left bank of the Passer, while Gratsch is on its right bank and north-west of the main town. The most noteworthy buildings are the parish church (14th to 15th centuries) and the old residence (15th century) of the
counts
  of the Tirol. Meran is best known as a much-frequented resort for consumptive patients, for whom it is well suited by reason of the purity of the air and the comparative immunity of the place from wind and rain in the winter. It is also visited in
spring
  for the whey cure and in autumn for the grape cure.
To the north-west, on the Ktichelberg, is the half-ruined castle of Tirol (2096 ft.), the
original
  seat of the family which gave its name to the county. Meran may have been built on the site of a Roman
settlement
 , but is first mentioned in 857. From the 12th century to about 1420 it was the
capital
  of the ever-extending land named after it Tirol, but then had to give way to
Innsbruck
 , while the building of the Brenner railway (18641867) and the rise of
Botzen
  have decreased its commercial importance.
(W. A. B. C.)


End of Article: MERAN


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