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Encyclopedia Britannica



MENAHEM (Hebrew for " consoler ")

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 109 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MENAHEM (Hebrew for " consoler ") , a king of
Israel
 . He was the son of Gadi (i.e. perhaps, a man of Gad), and during the disturbances at the death of Jeroboam II. seized the
throne
  and reigned ten years (2 Kings xv. 14-18). The
scene
  of his revolt was Tirzah, the old seat of the kings of
Israel
  between Jeroboam I. and Omri (which period the present closely resembles), and it was only after perpetrating nameless cruelties at Tappuah' on the border of
Ephraim
  and Mannasseh that the
counter
  revolt of Shallum, son of Jabesh (perhaps a Gileadite), was suppressed. Towards the end of his reign Tiglath-Pileser IV. marched against north Syria, and among his tributaries mentions
Menahem
  2 together with Re2in of Damascus, and kings of Tyre, Gebal, &c. (c. 738 B.C.). According to the Old Testament
account
  the Assyrian king even advanced against Israel, and only withdrew in consideration of a
tribute
  amounting to about 400,000. A thousand talents (i.e. about 3,000,000 shekels) was raised by assessing every wealthy person at 5o shekels. The act was hardly popular, and the internal troubles which he had quelled
1 Scarcely Tiphsah (2 Kings xv. 16) on the Euphrates..
2 The identification of the Israelite king with Me-n-hi-(im)-mi of Sa-me-ri-na-ai on the Ass. inscription has been unnecessarily doubted.
broke out again at or shortly after his death. The Gileadites again conspired, and having slain his son Pekahiah set up Pekah the son of Remaliah in his
place
 .' This meant a return to an
anti
 -Assyrian policy. (See ARAz.) (S. A. C.)


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