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Encyclopedia Britannica



MELLITIC ACID (benzene hexacarboxylic acid), C6(000H)6

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 96 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MELLITIC ACID (benzene hexacarboxylic acid), C6(000H)6 , was first discovered in 1799 by M. H.
Klaproth
  in the
mineral
  honeystone, which is the
aluminium
 
salt
  of the acid. The acid may be prepared by warming honeystone with ammonium carbonate, boiling off the excess of the ammonium
salt
  and adding ammonia to the solution. The precipitated alumina is filtered off, the filtrate evaporated and the ammonium salt of the acid purified by recrystallization. The ammonium salt is then converted into the lead salt by precipitation with lead acetate and the lead salt decomposed by sulphuretted hydrogen.
The acid may also be prepared by the oxidation of pure carbon, or of hexamethyl benzene, in the cold, by alkaline potassium permanganate (F. Schulze, Ber., 1871, 4, p. 802 ; C.
Friedel
  and J. M. Crafts, Ann. chim. ph s., 1884 [6], t, p. 470). It crystallizes in fine silky needles and is soluble in water and alcohol. It is a very
stable
  compound, chlorine, concentrated nitric acid and hydriodic acid having no action upon it. It is decomposed, on dry
distillation
 , into carbon dioxide and pyromellitic acid, C10H6O3; when distilled with lime it gives carbon dioxide and benzene.
Long
  digestion of the acid with excess of phosphorus pentachloride results in the formation of the acid chloride, C6(000I)6, which crystallizes in needles, melting at 19o C. By
heating
  the ammonium salt of the acid to 150-16o C. as
long
  as ammonia is evolved, a mixture of
Paramide (mellimide), C6 (co > NH) 3, and ammonium euchroate is
obtained. The mixture may be separated by dissolving out the ammonium euchroate with water. Paramide is a
white
  amorphous powder, insoluble in water and alcohol.


End of Article: MELLITIC ACID (benzene hexacarboxylic acid), C6(000H)6


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