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Encyclopedia Britannica



MELENDEZ VALDES, JUAN (1754-1817)

This article appears in Volume V18, Page 93 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MELENDEZ VALDES, JUAN (1754-1817) , Spanish poet, was born at Ribera del Fresno, Badajoz, on the rith of
March
  1754. Destined by his parents for the priesthood, he graduated in law at Salamanca, where he became indoctrinated with the ideas of the French philosophical school. In 178o with Batilo, a
pastoral
  in the manner of Garcilaso de la Vega, he won a prize offered by the Spanish
academy
 ; next year he was introduced to Jovellanos, through whose influence he was appointed to a professorship at Salamanca in 1783. The
pastoral
  scenes in Las Bodes de
Camacho
  (1784) do not compensate for its undramatic nature, but it gained a prize from the municipality of Madrid. A volume of verses, lyrical and pastoral, published in 1785, caused Melendez Valdes to be hailed as the first Spanish poet of his time. This success induced him to resign his chair at Salamanca, and try his fortune in politics. Once more the friendship of Jovellanos obtained for him in 1789 a judgeship at
Saragossa
 , whence he was transferred two years later to a post in the chancery
court
  at Valladolid. In 1797 he dedicated to
Godoy
  an enlarged edition of his poems, the new matter consisting principally of unsuccessful imitations of Milton and Thomson; but the poet was rewarded by promotion to a high post in the treasury at Madrid. On the fall of Jovellanos in 1798 Melendez Valdes was dismissed and exiled from the
capital
 ; he returned in 18o8 and accepted office under Joseph Bonaparte. He had previously denounced the French usurper in his verses. He now outraged the feelings of his countrymen by the grossest flattery of his foreign master, and in 1813 he fled to Alais. Four years later he died in poverty at Montpellier. His remains were removed to Spain in 1900. In natural talent and in acquired accomplishment Melendez Valdes was not surpassed by any contemporary Spaniard; he failed from want of character, and his profound insincerity affects his poems. Yet he has fine moments in various veins, and his imitation of
Jean
  Second's Basia is notable.


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