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Encyclopedia Britannica



MEER, OSWALD (18091883)

This article appears in Volume V13, Page 199 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MEC-MIC
MEER, OSWALD (18091883) , Swiss geologist and naturalist, was born at Nieder-Utzwyl in
Canton
  St Gallen on the 31st of August 1809. He was educated as a clergyman and took holy orders, and he also graduated as
doctor
  of philosophy and
medicine
 . Early in life his
interest
  was aroused in entomology, on which subject he acquired
special
  knowledge, and later he took up the study of plants and became one of the pioneers in palaeobotany, distinguished for his researches on the Miocene flora. In 1851 he became professor of botany in the university of Zurich, and he directed his attention to the Tertiary plants and insects of Switzerland. For some time he was director of the botanic
garden
  at Zurich. In 1863 (with W. Pengelly, Phil. Trans., 1862) he investigated the plant-remains from the lignite-deposits of Hovey Tracey in Devonshire, regarding them as of Miocene age; but they are now classed as Eocene. Heer also reported on the Miocene flora of Arctic regions, on the plants of the Pleistocene lignites of Diirnten on lake Zurich, and on the cereals of some of the lake-dwellings (Die Pflanzen der Pfahlbauten., 1866). During a
great
  part of his career he was hampered by slender means and ill-
health
 , but his services to science were acknowledged in 1873 when the
Geological
  Society of London awarded to him the Wollaston
medal
 . Dr Heer died at Lausanne on the 27th of September 1883. He published Flora Tertiaria Helvetiae (3 vols., 18551859); Die Urwelt der Schweiz (1865), and Flora fossilis Arctica (18681883).


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