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Encyclopedia Britannica



MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539602)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 909 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC
MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539602) ,
East
  Roman emperor from 582 to 602, was of Roman descent, but a native of Arabissus in Cappadocia. He spent his youth at the court of
Justin
  II., and, having joined the army, fought with distinction in the Persian War (578581). At the age of
forty
 -three he was declared Caesar by the dying emperor Tiberius II., who bestowed upon him the hand of his daughter Constantina. Maurice brought the Persian War to a successful close by the restoration of Chosroes II. to the throne (591). On the northern frontier he at first bought off the Avars by payments which compelled him to exercise strict
economy
  in his general administration, but after J95 inflicted several defeats upon them through his general Crispus. By his strict discipline and his refusal to
ransom
  a captive corps he provoked to mutiny the army on the Danube. The revolt spread to the popular factions in
Constantinople
 , and Maurice consented to abdicate. He withdrew to Chalcedon, but was hunted down and put to death after witnessing the slaughter of his five sons.
The
work
  on military art (arparnyuca) ascribed to him is a con-temporary
work
  of unknown authorship (ed. Scheffer, Arriani tactica et Mauricii ars militaris,
Upsala
 , 1664; see Max Jahns, Gesch. d. Kriegswissensch., i. 152156).
See Theophylactus Simocatta, Vita Mauricii (ed. de Boor, 1887) ; E. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (ed. Bury, London, 1896, v. 19-2I, 57); J. B. Bury, The Later Roman Empire (London, 1889, ii. 8394) ; G. Finlay, History of
Greece
  (ed. 1877, Oxford, i. 299-306).


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