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Encyclopedia Britannica



MAUBEUGE

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 903 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC
MAUBEUGE , a town of northern France, in the department of Nord, situated on both banks of the Sambre, here canalized, 234 M. by rail E. by S. of Valenciennes, and about 2 M. from the Belgian frontier. Pop. (1906), town 13,569, commune 21,520. As a fortress Maubeuge has an old enceinte of
bastion
  trace which serves as the centre of an important entrenched camp of 18 m. perimeter, constructed for the most part after the war of 187o, but since modernized and augmented. The town has a board of trade arbitration, a communal college, a commercial and industrial school; and there are important foundries, forges and blast-furnaces, together with manufactures of machine-tools,
porcelain
 , &c. It is united by electric tramway with Hautmont (pop. 12,473), also an important metallurgical centre.
Maubeuge (Malbodium) owes its origin to a
double
  monastery, for men and women, founded in the 7th century by St Aldegonde relics of whom are preserved in the church. It subsequently belonged to the territory of Hainault. It was burnt by Louis XI., by Francis I., and by
Henry
  II., and was finally assigned to France by the Treaty of Nijmwegen. It was fortified at Vauban by the command of Louis XIV., who under
Turenne
  first saw military service there. Besieged in 1793 by Prince Josias of Coburg, it was relieved by the victory of
Wattignies
 , which is commemorated by a monument in the town. It was unsuccessfully besieged in 1814, but was compelled to capitulate, after a vigorous resistance, in the Hundred Days.


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