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Encyclopedia Britannica



MASON, SIR JOSIAH (1795-1881)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 840 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC
MASON, SIR JOSIAH (1795-1881) , English pen-manufacturer, was born in Kidderminster on the 23rd of February 1795, the son of a
carpet
 -weaver. He began life as a
street
  hawker of cakes, fruits and vegetables. After trying his hand in his native town at shoemaking, baking, carpentering, blacksmithing,
house
 -
painting
  and
carpet
 -weaving, he moved in 1814 to
Birmingham
 . Here he found employment in the gilt-toy
trade
 . In 1824 he set up on his own account as a manufacturer of split-rings by machinery, to which he subsequently added the making of steel pens. Owing to the circumstance of his pens being supplied through James Perry, the London stationer whose name they bore, he was less well known than Joseph Gillott and other makers, although he was really the largest producer in England. In 1874 the business was converted into a limited liability company. Besides his steel-pen
trade
  Mason carried on for many years the business of electro-plating, copper-smelting, and india-
rubber
  ring making, in conjunction with George R. Elkington. Mason was almost entirely self-educated, having taught himself to write when a shoemaker's apprentice, and in later life he felt his deficiencies keenly. It was this which led him in 186o to establish his
great
  orphanage at Erdington, near
Birmingham
 . Upon it he expended about 300,000, and for this munificent endowment he was knighted in 1872. He had previously given a dispensary to his native town and an almshouse to Erdington. In 188o Mason College, since incorporated in the university of Birmingham, was opened, the
total
  value of the endowment being about 250,000. Mason died on the 16th of June 1881.
See J. T. Bunce, Josiah Mason (1882).


End of Article: MASON, SIR JOSIAH (1795-1881)


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