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Encyclopedia Britannica



MARTYN, JOHN (1699-1768)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 804 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC
MARTYN, JOHN (1699-1768) , English botanist, was born in London on the 12th of September 1699. Originally intended for a business career, he abandoned it in favour of medical and botanical studies. He was one of the founders (with J. J. Dillen and others) and the secretary of a botanical society which met for a few years in the Rainbow Coffee-
house
 , Watling
Street
 ; he also started the Grub
Street
 
Journal
 , a weekly satirical
review
 , which lasted from 1730 to 1737. In 1732 he was appointed professor of botany in
Cambridge
  University, but, finding little encouragement and hampered by lack of appliances, he soon discontinued lecturing. He retained his professorship, however, till 1762, when he resigned in favour of his son
Thomas
  (1735-1825), author of Flora rustica (1792-1794). Although he had not taken a medical degree, he
long
  practised as a physician at Chelsea, where he died on the 29th of January 1768. His reputation chiefly rests upon his Historia plantarum rariorum (1728-1737), and his
translation
 , with valuable agricultural _and botanical notes, of the Eclogues (1749) and Georgics (1741) of Virgil. On resigning the botanical chair at
Cambridge
  he presented the university with a number of his botanical specimens and books.
See memoir by
Thomas
  Martyn in Memoirs of John Martyn and Thomas Martyn, by G. C. Gorham (183o).


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