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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC |
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MARTEN, HENRY (1602-1680) , English regicide, was the elder son of Sir Henry
loan , and in 164o he entered parliament as one of the members forMarsupial Mole (Notoryctes typhlops). Berkshire. In the House
Great
governor of Reading, but in parliament he was very active. On one occasion his zeal in the parliamentary cause led him to open a letter from the earl
earl
governor of Aylesbury, and about this time took some small part in the war. Allowed to return to parliament in January 1646, Marten again advocated extreme views. He spoke of his desire to prepare the king for heaven; he attacked the Presbyterians, and, supporting the army against the parliament, he signed the agreement of August 1647. He was closely associated with John Lilburne and the Levellers, and was one of those who suspected the sincerity of Cromwell, whose murder he is said personally to have contemplated. However, he acted with Cromwell in bringing Charles I. to trial; he was one of the most prominent of the king's judges and signed the death warrant. He was then energetic in establishing the republic and in destroying the remaining vestiges of the monarchical system. He was chosen a member of the council of state in 1649, and as compensation for his losses and reward for his services during the war, lands valued at bocci a year were settled upon him. In parliament he spoke often and with effect, but he took no part in public life during the Protectorate, passing part of this time in prison, where he was placed on account of his debts. Having sat among the restored members of the Long Parliament in 16J9, Marten surrendered himself to the authorities as a regicide in June 166o, and with some others he was excepted from the act of indemnity, but with a saving clause. He behaved courageously at his trial, which took place in October 166o, but he was found guilty of taking part in the king's death. Through the action, or rather the inaction of the House
Henry
Marten's father, Sir Henry Marten (c. 1562-1641), was born in London and was educated at Winchester school and at New College, Oxford, becoming a fellow of the college in 1582. Having become a barrister, he secured a large practice and soon came to the front in public life. He was sent abroad on some royal business, was made chancellor of the diocese of London, was knighted, and in 1617 became a judge of the admiralty court. Later he was appointed a member of the court of high commission and dean of the arches. He became a member of parliament in 1625, and in 1628 represented the university of Oxford, taking part in the debates on the petition of right.See J. Forster, Statesmen of the Commonwealth (184o); M. Noble, Lives of the English Regicides 0798); the article by C. H. Firth in Diet. Nat. Biog. (1893); and S. R. Gardiner, History of the Great
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