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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAR-MEC |
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MARSTON, JOHN (c. 1575-1634) , English dramatist and satirist, eldest son of John Marston of Coventry, at one time lecturer of the Middle Temple, was born in 1575, or early in 1576. Swinburne notes his affinities with Italian literature, which may be partially explained by his parentage, for his mother was the daughter of an Italian physician, Andrew Guarsi. He entered Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1592, taking his B.A. degree in 1594. The elder Marston in his will expresses regret that his son, to whom he left his law-books and the furniture of his rooms in the Temple, had not been willing to follow his profession. John Marston married Mary Wilkes, daughter of one of the royal chaplains, and Ben Jonson said that " Marston wrote his father-in-law's preachings, and his father-in-law his sermons." His first work was The Metamorphosis of Pigmalions Image, and certaine Satyres (1598). " Pigmalion " is an erotic poem in the metre of Venus and Adonis, and Joseph Hall
Cambridge . In the same year Marston published, under the pseudonym of W. Kinsayder, already employed in the earlier volume, his Scourge of Villanie, eleven satires, in the sixth
Hall
On the 28th of September 1599 Henslowe notices in his diary that he lent " unto Mr Maxton, the new poete, the sum of forty
shillings," as an advance on a play which is not named. Another 1 Hist. of Eng. Poetry, iii. 70. hand has amended "Maxton " to " Mastone." The earliest plays to which Marston's name is attached are The History of Antonio and Mellida. The First Part; and Antonio's Revenge. The Second Part (both entered at Stationers' Hall in 16o1 and printed 1602). The second part is preceded by a prologue which, in its gloomy forecast of the play, moved the admiration of Charles Lamb, who also compares the situation of Andrugio and Lucia to Lear and Kent, but the scene which he quotes gives a misleading idea of the play and of the general tenor of Marston's work. The melodrama and the exaggerated expression of these two plays offered an opportunity to Ben Jonson, who had already twice ridiculed Marston, and now pilloried him as Crispinus in The Poetaster (16o0. The quarrel was patched up, for Marston dedicated his Malcontent (1604) to Jonson, and in the next year he prefixed commendatory verses to Sejanus. Far greater restraint is shown iii The Malcontent than in the earlier plays. It was printed twice in .1604, the second time with additions by John Webster
Fair
critical study of Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida, assigns to Marston's hand the whole of the action dealing with Hector, with the prologue and epilogue, and attributes to him the bombast and coarseness in the last scenes of the play. It will be seen that his undoubted dramatic work was completed in 1607. It is uncertain at what time he exchanged professions, but in 1616 he was presented to the living of Christchurch, Hampshire . He formally resigned his charge in 1631, and when his works were collected in 1633 the publisher, William Sheares, stated that the author " in his autumn and declining age " was living " far distant from this place." Nevertheless he died in London, in the parish of Aldermanbury, on the 25th of June 1634. He was buried in the Temple Church.Marston's works were first published in 1633, once anonymously as Tragedies and Comedies, and then in the same year as Workes of Mr John Marston. The Works of John Marston (3 vols.) were reprinted by Mr J. O. Halliwell (Phillipps) in 1856, and again by Mr. A. H. Bullen (3 vols.) in 1887. His Poems (2 vols.) were edited by Dr A. B. Grosart in 1879. The British Museum Catalogue tentatively assigns to Marston The Whipper of the Satyre his pennance in a white sheete; or, the Beadle's Confutation (160,), a pamphlet in answer to The Whipping of the Satyre. For an account of the quarrel of Dekker
2 Revived at Drury Lane (1751) as The Prentices, in 1775 as Old City Manners,-and said to have suggested Hogarth's " Industrious and Idle Prentices." Stage Quarrel between Ben Jonson and the so-called Poetasters; in E. Koelbing, Forschungen zur englischen Sprache and Litteratur, pt. i. (1899). See also three articles John Marston als Dramatiker, by Ph. Aronstein in Englische Studien (vols. xx. and xxi., 1895), and " Quellenstudien zu den Dramen Ben Jonsons, John Marstons ... by Emil Koeppel (Miinchener Beitrdge zur roman. and engl. Philologie, pt. xi. 1895). End of Article: MARSTON, JOHN (c. 1575-1634) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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