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Encyclopedia Britannica



MARBOT, JEAN BAPTISTE ANTOINE MARCELIN, BARON DE (1782-18J4)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 680 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAL-MAR
MARBOT, JEAN BAPTISTE ANTOINE MARCELIN, BARON DE (1782-18J4) , French soldier, son of General Jean
Antoine
  de
Marbot
  (1954-1800), who died in the defence of Genoa under Massena, was born at La Riviere (Correze), on the 18th of August 1782. He joined the republican army as a volunteer in 1799, rose rapidly to commissioned rank, and was aide-de-camp to
Marshal
  Augereau, commanding the VII. corps, in the war against Prussia and Russia in 1806-7. After this he served with
great
  distinction in the Peninsular War under
Lannes
  and Massena, and showed himself to be a dashing leader of light cavalry in the Russian War of 1812 and the German campaign of the following year. After a slow recovery from the wounds he had received at
Leipzig
  and Hanau, he was promoted general of brigade by
Napoleon
  during the Hundred Days, and took part in, and was wounded at, the battle of Waterloo. He was exiled at the second restoration and only returned to France in 1819, after which, however, his intimacy with the duke of Orleans secured him important military positions. After the July restoration he was made marechal-de-camp, and in this rank he was present at the siege of Antwerp in 1832. He was promoted lieutenant-general in 1836. From 1835 to 184o he served in various Algerian expeditions, and in 1845 he was made a member of the Chamber of Peers. Three years later, at the fall of Louis Philippe, he retired into private life. He died at Paris on the 16th of November 1854.
Marbot
  wrote two pamphlets, Remarques critiques sur l'ouvrage de M. le general Roguet, intitule Considerations sur l'art de la guerre (182o), and La Necessite d'augmenter les forces militaires de la France (1825), but his fame rests chiefly, if not indeed wholly, on the fascinating Memoirs of his Life and Campaigns which were published in Paris in 1891 (Eng. trans., 1902). To
ordinary
  readers and to students of history alike these give a picture of the Napoleonic age of warfare which for vividness and romantic
interest
  has never been surpassed.
His elder brother, ANTOINE ADOLPHE MARCELIN DE MARBOT (1781-1844), was born at La Riviere, on the 22nd of March 1781, entered the army at an early age, obtained commissioned rank in the revolutionary wars and became aide-de-camp to Bernadotte. In 1802 he was arrested on the ground of being concerned in a plot of the Republicans against the Consulate, but he was released, though
Napoleon
  continued to regard him as an opponent of the established regime. After a term of duty with the army in Santo Domingo he participated in the campaigns of 1806-7, and from 1808 to 1811 he was employed in the Peninsular War. In the Russian War of 1812 he was wounded and made prisoner. At the end of two years of captivity he returned to France at the general peace, was aide-de-camp to
Marshal
 
Davout
  during the Hundred Days, and thereafter passed into retirement, from which he did not emerge till 183o. He attainedthe rank of marechal-de-camp under Louis Philippe, and died at Bra, near Tulle, on the 2nd of June 1844.


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