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Encyclopedia Britannica



MARA, GERTRUD ELISABETH (1749-1833)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 667 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAL-MAR
MARA, GERTRUD ELISABETH (1749-1833) , German
singer
 , was born at Cassel, the daughter of a poor musician named Schmeling. From him she learnt the
violin
 , and while still a child her playing at the
fair
  at Frankfort was so remarkable that money was collected to provide for her. She was helped by influential friends, and studied under Hillel at
Leipzig
  for five years, proving to be endowed with a wonderful soprano voice. She began to sing in public in 1771, and was soon recognized as the greatest
singer
  that Germany had produced. She was permanently engaged for the Prussian Court, but her
marriage
  to a debauched violinist named Mara created difficulties, and in 1780 she was released. After singing at Vienna,
Munich
  and elsewhere, she appeared in Paris in 1782, where her rivalry with the singer Todi developed into a regular
faction
 . In 1784 she went to London, and continued to appear there with
great
  success, with visits at intervals to Italy and to Paris till 1802, when for some years she retired to
Russia
 . She visited England again in 1819, but then abandoned the stage. She went to
Livonia
 , and died on the loth of January 1833 at Revel.


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