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Encyclopedia Britannica



MALVERN

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 518 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: MAL-MAR
MALVERN , an inland watering-place in the Bewdley parliamentary division of Worcestershire, England, 128 .m. W.N.W. from London by the
Great
  Western railway, served also by a branch of the Midland railway from Ashchurch on the Bristol-Birmingham line. Pop. of urban
district
 (19o1), 16,449. It is beautifully situated on the eastern slopes of the Malvern Hills, which rise abruptly from the flat valley of the Severn to a height of 1395 ft. in the Worcestershire Beacon. The
district
  still bears the name of Malvern Chase, originally a Crown-land and forest, though it was granted to the earldom of Gloucester by Edward I. A ditch along the summit of the hills determined the ancient boundary. Becoming a notorious haunt of criminals, the
tract
  was disafforested by Charles I., with the exception of a portion known as the King's Chase, part of which is included in the present common-land formed under the Malvern Hills Act of 1884. -
Malvern was in early times an important ecclesiastical
settlement
 , but its modern fame rests on its fine situation, pure air, and chalybeate and bituminous springs. The open-air cure for consumptive patients is here extensively practised.
The name Malvern is collectively applied to a line of small towns and villages, extending along the foot of the hills for 5 M. The principal is
GREAT
  MALVERN, lying beneath the Worcester-shire Beacon. It has a
joint
  station of the Great Western and Midland railways. Here was the
Benedictine
  priory which arose in 1083 out of a hermitage endowed by Edward the Confessor. The priory church of SS. Mary and Michael is a fine cruciform Perpendicular building, with an ornate central tower, embodying the
original
  Norman
nave
 , and containing much early glass andcarved choir-stalls. The abbey gate and the
refectory
  also remain. There are here several hydropathic establishments, and beautiful pleasure gardens. Malvern College, founded in 1862, is an important English public school. A museum is attached to it.
Mineral
  waters are manufactured. At MALVERN WELLS, 21 M. S., are the principal medicinal springs, also the celebrated Holy Well, the water of which is of perfect purity. There are extensive fishponds and hatcheries; and golf-links. The Great Western railway has a station, and the Midland one at Hanley Road. LITTLE MALVERN lies at the foot of the Herefordshire Beacon, which is crowned by a British camp, r2 m. S. of Malvern Wells. There was a
Benedictine
  priory here, of which traces remain in the church. MALVERN LINK, I M. N.E. of Great Malvern, of which it forms a suburb, has a station on the Great Western railway. WEST MALVERN and NORTH MALVERN, named from their position relative to Great Malvern, are pleasant residential quarters on the higher slopes of the hills.


End of Article: MALVERN


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