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Encyclopedia Britannica



MAIL

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 429 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LUP-MAL
MAIL . (I) (Through Fr. maille, from Lat. macula, a spot or hole, the mesh of a net), properly a metal ring or link which, joined closely with other links, formed the fabric of
body
  and other
armour
  in the middle ages, till it was superseded by
plate
 -
armour
 . The word " mail," properly applied to this form of chain-armour, is also used of armour generally, whether
plate
  or chain, and is also transferred to the horny defensive coverings of animals, such as the tortoise, crab, &c. (see ARMS AND ARMOUR). (2) (0. Eng. mal, speech; probably the same as O. Saxon mahal, assembly; in meaning connected with O.Norse male, stipulation), a Scots law
term
  meaning rent, tax. " Mails and duties " are the rents, whether in kind or money, of an estate. In English the word only survives in " blackmail " (q.v.).. (3) (Through 0. Fr. male, mod. malle, a Teutonic word surviving in Dutch maal), properly a bag, especially one used in travelling; this word, which appears in Chaucer, is now applied chiefly to the despatch and delivery of postal matter. In this sense " mail" is properly the bag in which such matter is conveyed, and hence is applied to the contents of the mail, postal matter collectively, and to the
train
 , carts, or other means used in the despatch and delivery of the same. In general usage " mail " is confined to the " foreign " as opposed to the " inland " despatch of letters, &c., and to which the word " post " is chiefly applied; in official language, the word refers to the inland despatch. The word appears also in " mail-coach," a coach used for conveying the mails, and in " mail-cart," a cart similarly employed. This word is also applied to a light low vehicle propelled or
drawn
  by hand, suitable for
young
  children. The " mail phaeton " is a type of phaeton with high seat for two persons and
drawn
  by a pair of horses.


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