MACKENZIE

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 254 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LUP-MAL

MACKENZIE , a river of the North-West Territories, Canada, discharging the waters of the

Great

GREAT

Slave Lake into the Arctic Ocean. It was discovered and first navigated by Sir Alexander Mackenzie in 1789. It has an average width of 1 m., an average fall of 6 in. to the mile; an approximate discharge, at a medium stage, of 500,000 cub. ft. per second; and a total length, including its

great

GREAT

tributary the Peace, of 2,350 M. The latter rises, under the name of the Finlay, in the mountains of British Columbia, and flows north-

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

and then

south

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

in the great intermontane valley that bounds the Rocky Mountains on the west, to its confluence with the Parsnip. From the confluence the waters of the combined rivers, now called the Peace, flow east through the Rocky Mountains, and then north-east to unite with the river which discharges the waters of Lake Athabasca; thence to Great Slave Lake it is known as Slave river. Excluding the rivers which enter these lakes, the principal tributaries of the Peace are: Omineca, Nation, Parsnip, Halfway, North Pine,

South

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

Pine, Smoky, Battle, and Loon rivers; those of the Mackenzie are the Liard (65o m. long), which rises near the sources of the Pelly, west of the Rocky Mountains, and breaks through that range on its way to join the parent stream, Great

Bear

river, which drains Great

Bear

Lake, Nahanni. Dahadinni, Arctic Red, and Peel rivers. The Mackenzie enters the Arctic Ocean near 135 W. and 68 5o' W., after flowing for 70 to 8o m. through a flat delta, not yet fully surveyed. With its continuation, Slave river, it is navigable from the Arctic Ocean to Fort

Smith

, a distance of over 1,200 m., and between the latter and the head of Lesser Slave Lake, a further distance of 625 m., there is only one obstruction to navigation, the Grand Rapids near Fort McMurray on the Athabasca river. The Peace is navigable from its junction with Slave river for about 220 M. to Vermilion Falls. The Mackenzie is navigable from about the loth of June to the loth of October, and Great Slave Lake from about the 1st of July to the end of October. All the waters and lakes of this great system are abundantly stocked with fish, chiefly white fish and trout, the latter attaining to remarkable size.

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