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Encyclopedia Britannica



LUZZATTO, MOSES HAYIM (1707-1747)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 148 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LUP-MAL
LUZZATTO, MOSES HAYIM (1707-1747) , Hebrew dramatist and mystic, was born in Padua 1707, and died at Acre 1747. He was influenced by Isaac Luria (q.v.) on the mystical side, and on the poetical side by Italian drama of the school of
Guarini
  (q.v.). He attacked Leon of Modena's ant: Kabbalistic
treatises
 , and as a result of his conflict with the Venetian Rabbinate left Italy for
Amsterdam
 , where, like Spinoza, he maintained him-self by grinding lenses. Here, in 1740, he wrote his popular religious
manual
  the Path of the Upright (Messilath Yesharim) and other ethical works. He visited London, but finally settled in Palestine, where he died. Luzzatto's most lasting
work
  is in the
realm
  of Hebrew drama. His best-known compositions are: the Tower of Victory (Migdal `Oz) and
Glory
  to the Upright (Layesharim Tehillah). Both of these dramas, which were not printed at the time but were widely circulated in
manuscript
 , are of the type which preceded the Shakespearean agethey are allegorical and all the characters are types. The beautiful Hebrew style created a new school of Hebrew poetry, and the Hebrew renaissance which resulted from the career of Moses Mendelssohn owed much to Luzzatto.
See Gratz, History of the
Jews
 , v. ch. vii. ; I. Abrahams, Jewish Life in the Middle Ages, pp. 19o, 268; N. Slouschz, The Renascence of Hebrew Literature, ch. i. (I. A.)


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