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Encyclopedia Britannica



LUQMAN, or LOKMAN

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 127 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LUP-MAL
LUQMAN, or LOKMAN , the name of two, if not of three (cf. note to Terminal Essay in Sir Rd. Burton's translation of the Arabian Nights), persons famous in Arabian tradition. The one was of the family of 'Ad, and is said to have built the
great
  dike of Marib and to have received the
gift
  of life as long as that of seven vultures, each of which lived eighty years. The name of the seventh vultureLubadoccurs in proverbial literature. The name of the second Luqman, called " Lugman the Sage," occurs in the Koran (31, ir). Two accounts of him are current in Arabian literature. According to Mas'udi (i. rro) he was a Nubian freedman who lived in the time of
David
  in the
district
  of Elah and Midian. According to some commentators on the Koran (e.g., Baidawi) he was the son of Ba'ura, one of the sons of Job's sister or maternal aunt. Derenbourg in his Fables de Logmdn le sage (1850) identifies Ba'ura with Beoi, and believes the name Luqman to be a translation of Balaam. The grave of Luqman was shown on the
east
 
coast
  of the lake of Tiberias, also in
Yemen
  (cf. Yaqut, vol. iii. p. 512).
The so-called Fables of Luqman are known to have existed in the 13th century, but are not mentioned by any Arabian writer. They were edited by Erpenius (Leiden, 1615) and have been reprinted many times. For the relation of these to similar literature in other lands, see J. Jacobs's edition of Caxton's Fables of
Aesop
 , vol. i. (London, 1889). The name of Luqman also occurs in many old verses, anecdotes and
proverbs
 ; cf. G. Freytag's Arabum Proverbia (
Bonn
 , 1838-1843) and such Arabian writers as Tabari, Mas'udi, Damiri and the Kitdb al-Mu'ammarin (ed. by I. Goldziher, Leiden, 1899). (G. W. T.)


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