LUCARIS, CVRILLOS (1572-1637)

This article appears in Volume V17, Page 93 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LOB-LUP

LUCARIS, CVRILLOS (1572-1637) , Greek prelate and theologian, was a native of Crete. In youth he travelled, studying at Venice and Padua, and at Geneva coming under the influence of the reformed faith as represented by Calvin. In 1602 he was
elected patriarch of Alexandria, and in 1621 patriarch of Constantinople. He was the first

great

GREAT

name in the Orthodox Eastern Church since 1453, and dominates its history in the 17th century. The

great

GREAT

aim of his life was to reform the church on Calvinistic lines, and to this end he sent many

young

Greek theologians to the universities of Switzerland, Holland and England. In 1629 he published his famous Confessio,Calvinistic in doctrine, but as far as possible accommodated to the language and creeds of the Orthodox Church. It appeared the same year in two Latin editions, four French, one German and one English, and in the Eastern Church started a controversy which culminated in 1691 in the convocation by Dositheos, patriarch of Jerusalem, of a synod by which the Calvinistic doctrines were condemned. Lucaris was several times temporarily deposed and banished at the instigation of his orthodox opponents and of the

Jesuits

JESUITS

, who were his bitterest enemies. Finally, when Sultan Murad was about to set out for the Persian War, the patriarch was accused of a

design

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

to stir up the Cossacks, and to avoid trouble during his absence the sultan had him killed by the Janissaries (June 1637). His

body

BODY

was thrown into the sea, recovered and buried at a distance from the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

by his friends, and only brought back to Constantinople after many years.
The orthodoxy of Lucaris himself continued to be a matter of debate in the Eastern Church, even Dositheos, in view of the reputation of the great patriarch, thinking it expedient to

gloss

GLOSS, GLOSSARY

over his heterodoxy in the interests of the Church.
See the article " Lukaris " by Ph. Meyer in

Herzog

HERZOG, HANS (1819–1894)
HERZOG, JOHANN JAKOB (1805-1882)

-Hauck, Realencyklop. (3rd ed.,

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

, 1902), which gives further authorities.

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