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Encyclopedia Britannica



LOGIA

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 878 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LOB-LUP
LOGIA , a title used to describe a collection of the sayings of Jesus Christ (XO'yta 'InaoO) and therefore generally applied to the " Sayings of Jesus " discovered in Egypt by B. P. Grenfell and A. S. Hunt. There is some question as to whether the term is rightly used for this purpose. It does not occur in the Papyri in this sense. Each " saying " is introduced by the phrase " Jesus says " (Xi-yet) and the collection is described in the introductory words of the 1903
series
  as Xoyot not as Xbyta. Some
justification
  for the employment of the term is found in early Christian literature. Several writers speak of the Xoyta Toe Kupiov or Tit Kvptalca Xbyea, i.e. oracles of (or concerning) the Lord. Poly-carp, for instance, speaks of " those who pervert the oracles of the Lord " (Philipp. 7), and Papias, as Eusebius tells us, wrote a
work
  with the title " Expositions of the Oracles of the Lord." The expression has been variously interpreted. It need mean no more (Lightfoot, Essays on Supernatural Religion, 172 seq.) than narratives of (or concerning) the Lord; on the other hand, the phrase is capable of a much more definite meaning, and there are many scholars who hold that it refers to a document which contained a collection of the sayings of Jesus. Some such document, we know, must lie at the base of our Synoptic Gospels, and it is quite possible that it may have been known to and used by Papias. It.is only on this assumption that the use of the term Logia in the sense described above can be justified.
" The Sayings," to which the term Logia is generally applied, consist of (a) a papyrus leaf containing seven or eight sayings of Jesus discovered in 1897, (b) a second leaf containing five more sayings discovered in 1903, (c) two fragments of unknown Gospels, the former published in 1903, the latter in 1907. All these were found amongst the
great
  mass of papyri acquired by the Egyptian Exploration Fund from the ruins of Oxyrhynchus, one of the
chief
  early Christian centres in Egypt, situated some 120 M. S. of Cairo.
The eight " sayings " discovered in 1897 are as follows:
I. ... Kai TOTE SLal3AE1~/ELS EK$aXEIV TO Ka.pdot TO EV TO? oBaXpw rol &SEA00 Oov. q
2. AEyEL 'Introis iav /51 V TE6OT)re TOY KOO/LOV ob )o) EUp'ire T N>)v aolXetav TOO Bid. Kal EO0.v ;pi Oa[3)3ari07)re TO Oaj3[3arov OUK 6 'eiOE TOY 7raripa.
3. Ai-yet 'Naas ijalrnv iv /0) TOO Kaa.ov Kai EV OapKi w4,0 v ahrois, Kai EUpov ran-ac EOhovras Kai ohiLva E6pov 6 , wvra iv abrois, Kai 7rovel 1) Y'VX>) ou ETl rots viols rant avepWrav, 6rt TvOXoi Eiaty T'p KapSig avrW[v] K[a1] Ob ~AE[rOUO LY].. ..
4. [Illegible: possibly joins on to 3].... [r]iiv rTwXELay.
5. [AEy]EL ['If5OUS Sr]ov Eav Waty [f3, o6K] E[LOL]V 6BBso,. Kal [O]rov e[IS] EOTLV /Ovos, [AE]yw, iyW EL1i ET' a&T[oll] Eyet[p[ov Tav ALBov KaKEL Ebp1)OELS ALE, OXiTOV TO EOXov Kayc. EKEL (LW.
6. Ai-yet 'In OOOS OUK Ear LP SEKT OS rpo4 )TT)S EY Tn raTpLSL a&T[o]O, OUSE LarpOS rOLEL Beparelas as robs yivwssovTaS ahrOV.
7. AEyEL 'I fOOUS rhXLloi KOSopfpivn Er-' 6Kpov [O]povs ,nXOV Kai iar'nptyEv'n OUTS TE[O]ELV Savarat OUTS Kpv[Q]1)vat.
8. Ai-yet 'I'noovt 6so6ELS [elis TO EY d Lov o-o? TO [6i ETEpov ovviKXetaa 1.
Letters in brackets are missing in the
original
 : letters which are dotted beneath are doubtful.
1. ..and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote that is in thy brother's eye." .
2. ' Jesus saith, Except ye fast to the world, ye shall in no wise find the kingdom of God; and except ye make the sabbath a real sabbath, ye shall not see the Father."
3. " Jesus saith, I stood in the midst of the world and in the flesh was I seen of them, and I found all men drunken, and none found I athirst among them, and my soul grieveth over the sons of men, because they are blind in their heart, and see not...."
5 poverty "
. " Jesus saith, Wherever there are two, they are not without God, and wherever there is one alone, I say, I am with him. Raise the stone and there thou shalt find me, cleave the
wood
  and there am I."
6. " Jesus saith, A prophet is not acceptable in his own country, neither doth a physician
work
  cures upon them that know him."
' 7. " Jesus saith, A city built upon the top of a high hill and stablished can neither fall nor be hid."
8. " Jesus saith, Thou hearest with one ear [but the other ear bast thou closed]."
-The " sayings " of 1903 were prefaced by the following introductory statement:
ol ram ol X67ot of [. . olt iX aknosy 'In(oou)s 6 j'av K[6ptos ? . . . Kai 6W4 Kai EitrEV [a6TOOS rho OOTLS al, TLOY AOyWV TOUT[WV aK06On Oavhrou OV r) yeitanTat.
" These are the (wonderful?) words which Jesus the living (Lord) spake to . and
Thomas
  and he said unto (them) every one that hearkens to these words shall never taste of death."
The " sayings " themselves are as follows:-
(1) [AEyEL 'In(Oov)s ii ravOaQBw 6 j'n[rwv... Ews av din Kai drav Eupp [0a,u8ne iaera, Kai Oap 3175els [aTLAE6o et Kali (kw tXE60as avaraip-eT aL.
(2) AEyEL 'I[t)(OOOS ... TLYES ...
ol iXKOYTes i)as [as rip l3aatXELav EL 7) Liao tXsla iv obpa[vW iarty;
Ta reretva ro3 obp[avoO Kai TWV Onplav 6
TL b7rO TO TIP, Ea-4LP fl 'AS Kai ol LXO&E5 1-1)s OaXh[Lr177)S ohrot oL EAKOV-res Dias Kai ti Sar[tXsia TWy oUpavWY EVTOS b/.LWv [E]OTL [Kai lions U.v Eaurav yv i TaOTT)V 6p1)[OEL...
Eavrohs yVWOeahc [Kea ei6ioere OTL viol EOTE 6pE7S TOO 7raTpOS TOO T[... yvd o (ea)Os EavTohs iv[ ...
Kal b ELT EOTE 7)rTO[
(3) [ AEye 'In(ooh)s
06K arosvtbrEL hvO[pW7rOS .. . pwv ETEpQ.T1)ecu 7ra[... p o w 7repi nob TOTOV T1/[S .. .


End of Article: LOGIA


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