LEWIS, MATTHEW GREGORY (1775-1818)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 523 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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LEWIS, MATTHEW GREGORY (1775-1818) , English romance-writer and dramatist, often referred to as " Monk " Lewis, was born in London on the 9th of July 1775. He was educated for a diplomatic career at Westminster school and at Christ Church,

Oxford

, spending most of his vacations abroad in the study of modern languages; and in 1794 he proceeded to the Hague as attache to the British embassy. His stay there lasted only a few months, but was marked by the composition, in ten weeks, of his romance Ambrosio, or the Monk, which was published in the summer of the following year. It immediately achieved celebrity; but some passages it contained were of such a nature that about a year after its

appearance

APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

an injunction to restrain its sale was moved for and a

rule

RULE

nisi obtained. Lewis published a second edition from which he had expunged, as he thought, all the objectionable passages, but the

work

WORK

still remains of such a character as almost to justify the severe language in which Byron in English Bards and Scotch Reviewers addresses
" Wonder-working Lewis, Monk or Bard,
Who fain would'st make

Parnassus

PARNASSUS (mod. Likkoura or Likeri)

a churchyard; Even Satan's self with thee might dread to dwell, And in thy skull discern a deeper

hell

HELL (0. Eng. hel, a Teutonic word from a root meaning " to cover," cf. Ger. Holle, Dutch hel)

."
Whatever its demerits, ethical or aesthetic, may have been, The Monk did not interfere with the reception of Lewis into the best English society; he was favourably noticed at court, and almost as soon as he came of age he obtained a seat in the

House

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of Commons as member for Hindon, Wilts. After some years, however, during which he never addressed the

House

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

, he finally withdrew from a parliamentary career. His tastes lay wholly in the direction of literature, and The Castle Spectre (1796, a musical drama of no

great

GREAT

literary merit, but which enjoyed a long popularity on the stage), The Minister (a translation from Schiller's Kabale u. Liebe), Rolla (1797, a translation from Kotzebue), with numerous other operatic and tragic pieces, appeared in rapid succession. The Bravo of Venice, a romance translated from the German, was published in 1804; next to The Monk it is the best known

work

WORK

of Lewis. By the death of his father he succeeded to a large fortune, and in 1815 embarked for the West Indies to visit his estates; in the course of this tour, which lasted four months, the Journal of a West Indian Proprietor, published posthumously in 1833, was written. A second visit to Jamaica was undertaken in 1817, in order that he might become further acquainted with, and able to ameliorate, the

condition

CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

of the slave population; the fatigues to which he exposed himself in the tropical climate brought on a fever which terminated fatally on the homeward voyage on the 14th of May 1818.
The Life and Correspondence of M. G. Lewis, in two volumes, was published in 1839.

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