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Encyclopedia Britannica



LEON OF MODENA (1571-1648)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 443 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LEON OF MODENA (1571-1648) , Jewish scholar, was born in Venice, of a notable French family which had migrated to Italy after the expulsion of the
Jews
  from France. He was a precocious child, but, as Graetz points out, his lack of
stable
  character prevented his gifts from maturing. " He pursued all sorts of occupations to support himself, viz. those of preacher, teacher of
Jews
  and Christians, reader of prayers, interpreter, writer, proof-reader, bookseller, broker, merchant,
rabbi
 , musician, matchmaker and manufacturer of amulets." Though he failed to rise to real distinction he earned a place by his criticism of the
Talmud
  among those who prepared the way for the new learning in Judaism. One of Leon's most effective works was his attack on the Kabbala ('Ari Nohem, first published in 1840), for in it he demonstrated that the " Bible of the Kabbalists" (the Zohar) was a modern composition. He became best known, however, as the interpreter of Judaism to the Christian world. At the instance of an
English
  nobleman he . prepared an account of the religious customs of the
Synagogue
 , ' Riti Ebraici (1637). This book was widely read by Christians; it was rendered into various languages, and in 165o was translated into
English
  by
Edward
  Chilmead. At the time the Jewish question was coming to the fore in London, and Leon of Modena's book did much to stimulate popular
interest
 . He died at Venice.
See Graetz, History of the Jews (Eng. trans.), vol. v. ch. iii.; Jewish Encyclopedia, viii. 6; Geiger, Leon de Modena. (I. A.)


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