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Encyclopedia Britannica



LENNOX, MARGARET, COUNTESS OF (1515-1578)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 420 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LENNOX, MARGARET, COUNTESS OF (1515-1578) , daughter of Archibald Douglas, 6th
earl
  of Angus, and Margaret Tudor, daughter of
Henry
  VII. of England and widow of James IV. of Scotland, was born at Harbottle Castle, Northumberland, on the 8th of October 1515. On account of her nearness to the English crown, Lady Margaret Douglas was brought up chiefly at the English court in close association with the Princess Mary, who remained her fast friend throughout life. She was high in
Henry
  VIII.'s favour, but was twice disgraced; first for an attachment to Lord
Thomas
  Howard, who died in the Tower in 1537, and again in 1541 for a similar affair with Sir Charles Howard, brother of Queen Catherine Howard. In 1544 she married a Scottish
exile
 ,
Matthew
  Stewart, 4th
earl
  of Lennox (1516-1571), who was regent of Scotland in 1570-1571. During Mary's reign the countess of Lennox had rooms in Westminster Palace; but on Elizabeth's accession she removed to Yorkshire, where her home at Temple Newsam became a centre for Catholic intrigue. By a
series
  of successful manoeuvres she married her son Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley, to Mary, queen of Scots. In 1566 she was sent to the Tower, but after the murder of Darnley in 1567 she was released. She was at first loud in her denunciations of Mary, but was eventually reconciled with her daughter-in-law. In 1574 she again aroused Elizabeth's anger by the
marriage
  of her son Charles, earl of Lennox, with Elizabeth Cavendish, daughter of the earl of Shrewsbury. She was sent to the Tower with Lady Shrewsbury, and was only pardoned after her son's death in 1577. Her diplomacy largely contributed to the future succession of her grandson James to the English throne. She died on the 7th of March 1578.
The famous Lennox
jewel
 , made for Lady Lennox as a memento of her husband, was bought by Queen Victoria in 1842.


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