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Encyclopedia Britannica



LEMOYNE, JEAN BAPTISTE (17041778)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 416 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LEMOYNE, JEAN BAPTISTE (17041778) , French sculptor, was the pupil of his father, jean Louis
Lemoyne
 , and of Robert le Lorrain. He was a
great
  figure in his day, around whose modest and kindly personality there waged opposing storms of denunciation and applause. Although his disregard of the classic tradition and of the essentials of dignified sculpture, as well as his lack of firmness and of intellectual grasp of the larger principles of his art, lay him open to stringent criticism, de Clarac's charge that he had delivered a mortal blow at sculpture is altogether exaggerated.
Lemoyne
 's more important works have for the most part been destroyed or have disappeared. The equestrian statue of " Louis XV." for the military school, and the composition of " Mignard's daughter, Mme Feuquieres, kneeling before her father's bust " (which bust was from the hand of
Coysevox
 ) were subjected to the violence by which Bouchardon's equestrian
monument
  of Louis XIV. (q.v.) was destroyed. The panels only have been preserved. In his busts evidence of his riotous and florid
imagination
  to a
great
  extent disappears, and we have a remarkable
series
  of important portraits, of which those of women are perhaps the best. Among Lemoyne's leading achievements in this class are " Fontenelle
(at
Versailles
 ), " Voltaire," " Latour " (all of 1748), " Duc de la Valiere " (
Versailles
 ), " Comte de St Florentin," and "
Crebillon
  " (Dijon Museum); " Mlle Chiron " and " Mlle Dangeville," both produced in 1761 and both at the Theatre Francais in Paris, and " Mme de Pompadour," the
work
  of the same year. Of the Pompadour he also executed a statue in the costume of a nymph, very delicate and playful in its air of grace. Lemoyne was perhaps most successful in his training of pupils, one of the leaders of whom was Falconnet.


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