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Encyclopedia Britannica



LEIDY, JOSEPH (18231891)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 396 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LEIDY, JOSEPH (18231891) , American naturalist and palaeontologist, was born in Philadelphia on the 9th of September 1823. He studied
mineralogy
  and botany without an instructor, and graduated in
medicine
  at the university of
Pennsylvania
  in 1844. Continuing his
work
  in anatomy and physiology, he visited Europe in 1848, but both before and after this period of foreign study lectured and taught in American medical colleges. In 18J3 he was appointed professor of anatomy in the university of
Pennsylvania
 , paying
special
  attention to comparative anatomy. In 1884 he promoted the
establishment
  in the same institution of the department of biology, of which he became director, and meanwhile taught natural history in Swarthmore College, near Philadelphia. His papers on biology and palaeontology were very numerous, covering both fauna and flora, and ranging from microscopic forms of animal life to the higher vertebrates. He wrote also occasional papers on minerals. He was an active member of the Boston Society of Natural History and of the American Philosophical Society; and was the recipient of various American and foreign degrees and honours. His Cretaceous Reptiles of the United States (1865) and Contributions to the
Extinct
  Vertebrate Fauna of the Western Territories (1873) were the most important of his larger works; the best known and most widely circulated was an Elementary Treatise on Human
Anatomy (186o, afterwards revised in new editions). He died in Philadelphia on the 3oth of April 1891.
See Memoir and portrait in Amer. Geologist, vol. ix. (Jan. 1892) and Bibliography in vol. viii. (Nov. 1891) and Memoir by H. C. Chapman in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. (Philadelphia, 1891), p. 342.


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