LAURISTON, JACQUES ALEXANDRE BERNARD LAW, MARQUIS DE (17681828)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 287 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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LAURISTON, JACQUES ALEXANDRE BERNARD LAW, MARQUIS DE (17681828) , French soldier and diplomatist, was the son of Jacques Francois Law de Lauriston (17241785), a general officer in the French army, and was born at Pondicherry on the 1st of February 1768. He obtained his first commission about 1786, served with the artillery and on the staff in the" earlier Revolutionary campaigns, and became brigadier of artillery in 1795. Resigning in 1796, he was brought back into the service in 1800 as aide-de-camp to

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

, with whom as a cadet Lauriston had been on friendly terms. In the years immediately preceding the first empire Lauriston was successively director of the Le Fere artillery school and

special

SPECIAL

envoy

ENVOY (Fr. envoye, " sent ")

to Denmark, and he was selected to convey to England the ratification of the peace of Amiens (1802). In 18o5, having risen to the rank of general of division, he took part in the war against Austria. He occupied Venice and Ragusa in 18o6, was made

governor

GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

-general of Venice in 1807, took part in the Erfurt negotiations of 1808, was made a count, served with the emperor in Spain in 18081809 and held commands under the viceroy

Eugene

EUGENE

Beauharnais in the Italian campaign and the advance to Vienna in the same year. At the battle of Wagram he commanded the guard artillery in the famous " artillery preparation " which decided the battle. In 1811 he was made

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

to Russia; in 1812 he held a command in the Grande Armee and won distinction by his firmness in covering the

retreat

RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

from Moscow. He commanded the V. army corps at Lutzen and Bautzen and the V. and XI. in the autumn campaign, falling into the hands of the enemy in the disastrous

retreat

RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

from

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

. He was held a prisoner of war until the fall of the empire, and then joined Louis XVIII., to whom he remained faithful in the Hundred Days. His reward was a seat in the

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of peers and a command in the royal guard. In 1817 he was created marquis and in 1823 marshal of France. During the Spanish War he commanded the corps which besieged and took Pamplona. He died at Paris on the 12th of June 1828.

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