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Encyclopedia Britannica



LARGILLIERE, NICOLAS (1656-1746)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 216 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LARGILLIERE, NICOLAS (1656-1746) , French painter, was born at Paris on the loth of October 1656. His father, a merchant, took him to Antwerp at the age of three, and while a lad he spent nearly two years in London. The attempt to turn his attention to business having failed, he entered, some time after his return to Antwerp, the studio of Goubeau, quitting this at the age of eighteen to seek his fortune in England, where he was befriended by Lely, who employed him for four years at Windsor. His skill attracted the notice of Charles II., who wished to retain him in his service, but the fury aroused against Roman Catholics by the Rye
House
 
Plot
  alarmed Largilliere, and he went to Paris, where he was well received by Le Brun and Van der Meulen. In spite of his Flemish training, his reputation, especially as a portrait-painter, was soon established; his brilliant colour and lively
touch
  attracted all the celebrities of the dayactresses, public men and popular preachers flocking to his studio. Huet, bishop of Avranches, Cardinal de Noailles, the Duclos and
President Lambert, with his beautiful wife and daughter, are amongst his most noted subjects. It is said that James II. recalled Largilliere to England on his accession to the throne in 1685, that he declined the office of keeper of the royal collections, but that, during a short stay in London, he painted portraits of the king, the queen and the prince of Wales. This last is impossible, as the
birth
  of the prince did not take place till 1688; the three portraits, therefore, painted by Largilliere of the prince in his youth must all have been executed in Paris, to which city he returned some time before
March
  1686, when he was received by the
Academy
  as a member, and presented as his diploma picture the fine portrait of Le Brun, now in the Louvre. He was received as an historical painter; but, although he occasionally produced works of that class (" Crucifixion," engraved by Roettiers), and also treated subjects of still life, it was in historical portraits that he excelled.
Horace
  Walpole states that he left in London those of Pierre van der Meulen and of Sybrecht. Several of his works are at
Versailles
 . The church of St Etienne du Mont at Paris contains the finest example of Largilliere's
work
  when dealing with large groups of figures; it is an ex voto offered by the city to St Genevieve, painted in 1694, and containing portraits of all the leading officers of the municipality. Largilliere passed through every post of honour in the
Academy
 , until in 1743 he was made chancellor. He died on the loth of
March
  1746. Jean Baptiste Oudry was the most distinguished of his pupils. Largilliere's
work
  found skilful interpreters in Van Schuppen, Edelinck, Desplaces, Drevet, Pitou and other engravers.


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