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Encyclopedia Britannica



LARAISH (El Araish)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 209 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: LAP-LEO
LARAISH (El Araish) , a port in northern Morocco on the Atlantic
coast
  in 350 13' N., 6 9 W., 43 M. by sea S. by W. of Tangier, picturesquely situated on the left bank of the estuary of the Wad Lekkus. Pop. 6000 to 7000. The river, being fairly deep inside the bar, made this a favourite port for the Salli rovers to winter in, but the quantity of alluvial soil brought down threatens to close the port. The town is well situated for defence, its walls are in
fair
 
condition
 , and it has ten forts, all supplied with old-fashioned guns. Traces of the Spanish occupation from 16101689 are to be seen in the towers whose names are given by Tissot as those of St Stephen, St James and that of the
Jews
 , with the Castle of Our Lady of Europe, now the kasbah or citadel. The most remarkable feature of Laraish is its fine large market-place inside the town with a low colonnade in front of very small shops. The streets, though narrow and steep, are generally paved. Its
chief
  exports are oranges, millet, dra and other cereals, goat-
hair
  and skins, sheepskins, wool and fullers' earth. The wool goes chiefly to Marseilles. The annual value of the trade is from 400,000 to 500,000.
In 178o all the Europeans in Laraish were expelled by Mohammed XVI., although in 1786 the monopoly of its trade had been granted to Holland, even its export of wheat. In 1787 the Moors were still building pirate vessels here, the timber for which came from the neighbouring forest of M'amora. Not far from the town are the remains of what is believed to be a Phoenician city, Shammish, mentioned by
Idrisi
 , who makes no allusion to Laraish. It is not, however, improbable from a passage in Scylax that the site of the present town was occupied by a Libyan
settlement
 . 'Tradition also connects Laraish with the
garden
  of the Hesperides, `Ariisi being the Arabic for " pleasure-gardens," and the " golden apples " perhaps the
familiar
  oranges.


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