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Encyclopedia Britannica



LANUVIUM (more frequently Lanivium in imperial times, mod. Civita Lavinia)

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 188 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: KRO-LAP
LANUVIUM (more frequently Lanivium in imperial times, mod. Civita Lavinia) , an ancient city of Latium, some 19 M. S.E. of Rome, a little S.W. of the Via Appia. It was situated on an isolated hill projecting S. from the main mass of the Alban Hills, and commanding an extensive view over the low country between it and the sea. It was one of the members of the Latin League, and remained independent until conquered by Rome in 338 B.C. At first it did not enjoy the right of Roman citizen-ship, but acquired it later; and even in imperial times its
chief
 
magistrate
  and municipal council kept the titles of dictator and senatus respectively. It was especially famous for its
rich
  and much venerated temple of Juno Sospes, from which Octavian borrowed money in 31 B.C., and the possessionsof which extended as far as the sea-
coast
  (T.
Ashby
  in Melanges de l'ecole francaise, 1905, 203). It possessed many other temples, repaired by Antoninus Pius, who was born close by, as was also Commodus. Remains of the ancient theatre and of the city walls exist in the modern
village
 , and above it is an area surrounded by a portico, in
opus
  reticulatum, upon the north side of which is a rectangular building in
opus
  quadratum, probably connected with the temple of Juno. Here archaic decorative terra-cottas were discovered in excavations carried on by Lord
Savile
 . The
acropolis
  of the primitive city was probably on the highest point above the temple to the north. The
neighbour
 -hood, which is now covered with vineyards, contains remains of many Roman villas, one of which is traditionally attributed to Antoninus Pius.
See Notizie degli Scavi, passim. (T. As.)


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