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Encyclopedia Britannica



LABARUM

This article appears in Volume V16, Page 2 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: KRO-LAP
LABARUM , the sacred military standard of the early Christian Roman emperors, first adopted by
Constantine
  the
Great
  after his miraculous vision in 312, although, according to Gibbon, he did not exhibit it to the army till 323. The name seems to have been known before, and the banner was simply a Christianized form of the Roman cavalry standard.
Eusebius
  (
Life
  of Const. i. 31) describes the first labarum as consisting of a
long
  gilded spear, crossed at the top by a bar from which hung a square purple
cloth
 , richly jewelled. At the upper extremity of the spear was a golden wreath encircling the sacred
monogram
 , formed of the first two letters of the name of Christ. In later
banners
  the
monogram
  was sometimes embroidered on the
cloth
 . A
special
  guard of fifty soldiers was appointed to protect the sacred standard. The derivation of the word labarum is disputed; it appears to be connected with the Basque labarva, signifying standard. See FLAG.


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