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Encyclopedia Britannica



KURSK

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 954 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: KRO-LAP
KURSK , a town of Russia,
capital
  of the government of the same name, at the junction of the railways from Moscow, Kiev and Kharkov, 330 M. S.S.W. from Moscow. Pop. (1897), 52,896. It is built on two hills (75o ft.), the slopes of which are planted with orchards. The environs all round are well wooded and the woods are famous for their nightingales. Among the public buildings the more noticeable are a monastery with an image of the Virgin, greatly venerated since 1295; the Orthodox Greek
cathedral
  (18th century); and the episcopal palace, Kursk being a bishopric of the national
church
 . It is essentially a provincial town, and is revered as the birthplace of Theodosius, one of the most venerated of Russian saints. It has a public
garden
 , and has become the seat of several
societies
  (medical, musical, educational and for sport). Its factories include steam flour-mills, distilleries, tobacco-works, hemp-crushing mills, tanneries, soap-works and iron-works. It has a
great
  yearly
fair
  (Korennaya), and an active
trade
  in cereals, linen, leather, fruit, horses, cattle, hides, sheepskins, furs, down, bristles, wax, tallow and manufactured goods.
Kursk was in existence in 1032. It was completely destroyed by the Mongols in 1246. The defence of the town against an incursion of the Turkish Polovtsi (or Comans or Cumani) is celebrated in The
Triumph
  of Igor, an epic which forms one of the most valuable
relics
  of early Russian literature. From 1586 to the close of the 18th century the citadel was a place of consider-able strength; the remains are now comparatively few.


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