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Encyclopedia Britannica



KOMAROM (Ger., Komorn)

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 892 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: KHA-KRI
KOMAROM (Ger., Komorn) , the
capital
 
Komarom,
Hungary
 , 65 m. W.N.W. of Budapest by rail. Pop. (1900), 16,816. It is situated at the eastern extremity of the
island
  Csall6koz or Grosse Schutt, at the confluence of the Waag with the Danube. Just below Komarom the two arms into which the Danube separates below Pressburg, forming the Grosse Schutt
island
 , unite again. Since 1896 the market-town of Uj-Szony, which lies on the opposite bank of the Danube, has been incorporated with Komarom. The town is celebrated chiefly for its fortifications, which form the centre of the inland fortifications of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. A brisk
trade
  in cereals, timber, wine and fish is carried on. Komarom is one of the oldest towns of
Hungary
 , having received its charter in 1265. The fortifications were begun by
Matthias
  Corvinus, and were enlarged and strengthened during the Turkish wars (1526-64). New forts were constructed in 1663 and were greatly
enlarged between 18o5 and 1809. In 1543, 1594, 1598 and 1663 it was beleaguered by the Turks. It was raised to the dignity of a royal free town in 1751. During the revolutionary war of 1848-49 Komarom was a
principal
  point of military operations, and was
long
  unsuccessfully besieged by the Austrians, who on the lrth of July 1849 were defeated there by General
Gorgei
 , and on the 3rd of August by General
Klapka
 . On the 27th of September the fortress capitulated to the Austrians upon honourable terms, and on the 3rd and 4th of October was evacuated by the Hungarian troops. The treasure of the Austrian national bank was removed here from Vienna in 1866, when that city was threatened by the Prussians.


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