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Encyclopedia Britannica



KIDWELLY (Cydweli)

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 787 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: KHA-KRI
KIDWELLY (Cydweli) , a decayed market-town and municipal borough of Carmarthenshire, Wales, situated (as its name implies) near the junction of two streams, the Gwendraeth Fawr and the Gwendraeth Fach, a short distance from the shores of Carmarthen Bay. Pop. (1901), 2285. It has a station on the
Great
  Western railway. The
chief
  attraction of Kidwelly is its magnificent and well-preserved castle, one of the finest in South Wales, dating chiefly from the 13th century and admirably situated on a knoll above the Gwendraeth Fach. The parish church of St Mary, of the 14th century, possesses a lofty tower with a spire. The quiet little town has had a stirring history. It was a place of some importance when William de Londres, a companion of Fitz Hamon and his conquering knights, first erected a castle here. In 1135 Kidwelly was furiously attacked by Gwenllian, wife of Griffith ap Rhys, prince of South Wales, and a battle, fought close to the town at a place still known as Maes Gwenllian, ended in the total defeat and subsequent execution of the Welsh princess. Later, the extensive lordship of Kidwelly became the property through
marriage
  of
Henry
 ,
earl
  of
Lancaster
 , and to this circumstance is due the exclusive jurisdiction of the town. Kidwelly received its first charter of incorporation from
Henry
  VI.; its present charter dating from 1618. The decline of Kidwelly is due to the
accumulation
  of sand at the mouth of the river, and to the consequent prosperity of the neighbouring Llanelly.


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