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Encyclopedia Britannica



KEEP (corresponding to the French donjon)

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 714 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JUN-KHA
KEEP (corresponding to the French donjon) ,.in architecture the inmost and strongest
part
  of a medieval castle, answering to the citadel of
modern
  times. The arrangement is said to have originated with Gundulf,
bishop
  of Rochester (d. 1ro8), architect of the
White
  Tower. The Norman keep is generally a very massive square tower. There is generally a well in a medieval keep, ingeniously concealed in the thickness of a
wall
  or in a pillar. The most celebrated keeps of Norman times in England are the
White
  Tower in London, those at Rochester
Arundel and Newcastle, Castle Hedingham, &c. When the keep was circular, as at Conisborough and Windsor, it was called a " shell-keep " (see CASTLE). The verb " to keep," from which the noun with its particular meaning here treated was formed, appears in O.E. as cepan, of which the derivation is unknown; no words related to it are found in cognate
languages
 . The earliest meaning (c. r000) appears to have been to lay hold of, to seize, from which its common uses of to guard, observe, retain possession of, have developed.


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