KASSALA

This article appears in Volume V15, Page 694 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: JUN-KHA

KASSALA , a town and mudiria of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. The town, a military station of some importance, lies on the river Gash (Mareb) in 15 28' N., 36 24' E., 26o m. E.S.E. of Khartum and 240 M. W. of Massawa, the nearest seaport. Pop. about 20,000. It is built on a plain, 1700 ft. above the sea, at the foot of the Abyssinian highlands 15 M.W. of the frontier of the Italian colony of Eritrea. Two

dome

DOME (Lat domus,
house
- HOUSE
- HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
  Gothic
  - GOTHIC
  it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)
; Ital. duomo, cathedral)

-shaped mountains about 2600 ft. high, jebels Mokram and Kassala, rise abruptly from the plain some 3 m. to 'the

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

and

south

SOUTH
SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

east

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

. These mountains and the numerous gardens Kassala contains give to the place a picturesque

appearance

APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

. The

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

buildings are of brick, but most of the natives dwell in grass tukls. A short distance from the town is Khatmia, containing a tomb mosque with a high tower, the headquarters of the Morgani family. The sheikhs El Morgani are the chiefs of a religious brotherhood widely spread and of considerable influence in the eastern Sudan. The Morgani family are of Afghan descent. Long settled in Jidda, the head of the family removed to the Sudan about 1800 and founded the Morgani sect. Kassala was founded by the Egyptians in 184o as a fortified post from which to

control

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

their newly conquered territory near the Abyssinian frontier. In a few years it grew into a place of some importance. In November 1883 it was besieged by the dervishes. The garrison held out till the 3oth of July 1885 when owing to lack of food they capitulated. Kassala was captured from the dervishes by an Italian force under Colonel Baratieri on the 17th of July 1894 and by the Italians was handed over on Christmas day 1897 to

Egypt

EGYPT

. The bulk of the inhabit-ants are Hallenga " Arabs."
Kassala mudiria contains some of the most fertile land in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. It corresponds roughly with the

district

DISTRICT

formerly known as Taka. It is a region of light rainfall, and cultivation depends chiefly on the Gash flood. The river is how-ever absolutely dry from October to June. White durra of excellent quality is raised.
694

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